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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2013
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Quando os olhos não vêem…: Qualidade de vida familiar, satisfação com a vida e apoio social percebido na deficiência visual

Authors: Grilo, Inês Marina Simões;

Quando os olhos não vêem…: Qualidade de vida familiar, satisfação com a vida e apoio social percebido na deficiência visual

Abstract

Quando os olhos não vêem… Qualidade de vida Nas últimas décadas, em Portugal, têm sido realizados estudos para compreender o impacto da deficiência visual no indivíduo, ainda que sejam insuficientes os estudos sobre o seu impacto na vida familiar. O objetivo da presente investigação consistiu na análise da qualidade de vida familiar, da satisfação com a vida e do apoio social percebido na deficiência visual em dois estudos. O primeiro pretendeu comparar estes construtos numa amostra de sujeitos adultos com deficiência visual (n = 52) e de população normovisual (n = 52); no segundo procedeu-se à comparação dos mesmos aspetos numa amostra de sujeitos portadores de deficiência visual (n = 21) e de familiares (n = 21), recorrendo-se ao Qualidade de Vida (QOL; Versão NUSIAF-SISTÉMICA; Adaptado, 2007; Validado, 2008), Escala de Satisfação com a Vida (SWLS; Simões, 1992), e Escala de Provisões Sociais (EPS; Moreira & Canaipa, 2007). Os resultados obtidos no primeiro bloco de estudos indicam uma boa consistência interna dos itens do QOL, SWLS e EPS na amostra de sujeitos com deficiência visual. Verificam-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos fatores Tempo, Emprego (resultado superior no grupo com deficiência visual), e Mass Media (resultado mais elevado no grupo de comparação) do QOL. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas em relação à satisfação com a vida, e a subescala Vinculação da EPS revelou resultados mais elevados no grupo de comparação. Obteve-se uma correlação estatisticamente significativa moderada positiva no grupo de sujeitos com deficiência visual entre a qualidade de vida familiar e a satisfação com a vida (r = .53, p < .001), tal como no grupo de comparação (r = .63, p < .001). Da análise do impacto de variáveis sociodemográficas na qualidade de vida familiar, satisfação com a vida e apoio social percebido resultaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas para as variáveis sexo, idade, escolaridade e situação profissional. Por sua vez, o segundo bloco de estudos apontou para diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre o grupo de sujeitos com deficiência visual e seus familiares no fator Mass Media do QOL (resultado superior nos familiares) e na satisfação com a vida (resultado mais elevado nos familiares na SWLS). Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas em termos do apoio social percebido. Apesar do contributo deste trabalho, são necessários mais estudos para clarificar o impacto da deficiência visual na vida familiar e do próprio sujeito, estimulando a discussão acerca de novas estratégias de reabilitação que passem pelo envolvimento da rede de apoio destes sujeitos.

In recent decades, in Portugal, studies have been conducted to understand the impact of visual impairment on the individual, although there are insufficient studies about the impact of visual impairment on family life. The goal of this research was to examine the family quality of life, life satisfaction and perceived social support in visual impairment in two studies. The first aimed to compare these constructs in a sample of adults with visual impairment (n = 52) and sighted population (n = 52); the second proceeded to compare the same aspects in a sample of subjects with visual impairment (n = 21) and sighted family (n = 21), using the Quality of Life (QOL; Version NUSIAF-SISTÉMICA; Adapted, 2007; Validated, 2008), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS; Simões, 1992), and Social Provisions Scale (EPS; Canaipa & Moreira, 2007). The results obtained in the first block of studies indicate a good internal consistency of the items of the QOL, SWLS and EPS in the sample of subjects with visual impairments. There are statistically significant differences for the factors Time and Employment (superior results for the visual impairment group), and Mass Media (highest result in the comparison group). There were no statistically significant differences in relation to life satisfaction. As regards to perceived social support, Attachment subscale revealed statistically significant differences indicating a higher result in the comparison group. A statistically significant moderate positive correlation was obtained for the group of subjects with visual impairment between the quality of family life and life satisfaction (r = .53, p < .001), as well as for the comparison group (r = .63, p < .001). From the analyses of the impact of sociodemographic variables on quality of family life, life satisfaction and perceived social support, statistically significant differences were found for the variables gender, age, education, employment status. For its part, the second block of studies reported statistically significant differences in the factor Mass Media of QOL (superior results for the family group) and life satisfaction (highest result for the family group). There were no statistically significant differences for perceived social support. Despite the contribution of this work, more studies are needed to clarify the impact of visual impairment on individual and family life, contributing to stimulate discussion of new rehabilitation strategies that

Dissertação de mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde (Sistémica, Saúde e Família), apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade de Coimbra

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Qualidade de vida, Deficiência visual, Satisfação com a vida

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green