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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2009
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Enfermagem do trabalho: contributo do enfermeiro para a saúde do trabalho

Authors: Antunes, Ricardo João Correia da Cruz Pais;

Enfermagem do trabalho: contributo do enfermeiro para a saúde do trabalho

Abstract

Os Enfermeiros do Trabalho em Portugal exercem funções nas mais diversas instituições, porém, a legislação é omissa e desadequada, a formação é quase inexistente, e não estão definidas competências e papéis. Quando observamos outros países desenvolvidos, constata-se que há preocupação com a saúde dos trabalhadores, havendo uma enfermagem do trabalho desenvolvida e com acção definida, com resultados mensuráveis na diminuição do absentismo e aumento de produtividade dos colaboradores. É tendo por base estas duas premissas que se define como objectivo determinar as competências do enfermeiro do trabalho em Portugal, recorrendo ao definido por organizações internacionais e às necessidades de saúde dos trabalhadores. As competências do enfermeiro de trabalho foram estruturadas em cinco campos de acção: cuidados de enfermagem, especialista, coordenador, gestor, prevenção primária e promoção de saúde, formador e investigador. Efectuou-se o estudo de necessidades de saúde dos colaboradores de uma empresa da indústria de peças automóveis, mediante a aplicação de questionário construído para o efeito. Determinou-se que cerca de 50% refere que corre riscos no trabalho, causados por constrangimento de tempo, posturas penosas, barulho intenso e grande amplitude térmica. O género feminino apresenta piores resultados no que se refere a indicadores de saúde. O absentismo por doença é de 17%, nos últimos 12 meses. A análise inferencial permite constatar que os colaboradores que identificaram piores características de trabalho têm uma menor apreciação do estado de saúde e maiores dificuldades no trabalho. No âmbito das competências definidas, constata-se que o enfermeiro pode intervir na adequação da formação profissional às necessidades dos colaboradores, melhorar as características do trabalho no que concerne ao ruído, temperatura, esforços físicos e postura corporal, aumentar os períodos de descanso, focar a acção no género feminino. Deste modo é possível diminuir as dificuldades no trabalho, aumentar a apreciação do estado de saúde, com repercussões na produtividade e assiduidade. Conclui-se que o contributo do enfermeiro do trabalho, com acções autónomas e interdependentes e com competências especificas e próprias, seria benéfica para a saúde dos colaboradores, com ganhos em saúde mensuráveis.

In Portugal, Occupational Health Nurses work in many different institutions; however, legislation is missing and in inappropriate; training is almost nonexistent and roles and competencies are not defined. If we analyze what happens in other developed countries, we come to the conclusion that there is a concern about workers’ health; there is a modernized Occupational Health Nursing with a defined course of action, with measurable results related to workplace absenteeism and to the workers’ productivity growth. It is based on these two assumptions that we define as our objective to define the Occupational Health Nurses’ competencies in Portugal, bearing in mind what was defined by international organizations and the workers’ health needs. The Occupational Health Nurses’ competencies are structured in five action branches: nurse care, specialist, coordinator, manager, primary prevention and health promotion, nurse trainer and researcher. It was conducted a study on the health needs of an auto parts industry company, based on a specific questionnaire written on purpose. It was determined that about 50% of the workers refer that they take risks at their workplace caused by time constraints, painful postures, loud industrial noise and wide thermal amplitude. Female workers show worse results regarding health indicators. In the last 12 month’s there was about 17% of workers’ absence due to sickness. The inferential analysis allows us to conclude that the workers who identified the worse work characteristics are the ones who have less health appreciation and more difficulties at work. Within the scope of the defined competencies, we conclude that the nurse may get involved in how to adapt the professional training to the workers’ needs, how to improve workplace features related to noise, temperature, physical effort and body posture, how to increase rest breaks and focus action on female workers. These make possible to reduce difficulties in the workplace, increase the health condition appreciation and have consequences on the productivity and presenteeism. It is concluded that the Occupational Health Nurses’ contribution, with autonomous and interdependent actions and specific and adequate competencies, would be beneficial for the workers’ health, with measurable health gains.

Dissertação de mestrado em Saúde Ocupacional, apresentada à Fac. de Medicina da Univ. de Coimbra

Country
Portugal
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Keywords

Enfermagem do trabalho

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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green