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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2025
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Prática de Técnicas da Antropologia Forense com Esqueletos Humanos Forenses de Casos já Prescritos

Authors: Pires, Joana Filipa Borges da Silva Rodrigues;

Prática de Técnicas da Antropologia Forense com Esqueletos Humanos Forenses de Casos já Prescritos

Abstract

A Antropologia Forense é uma ciência que tem como objetivo principal a identificação de restos humanos em adiantado estado de decomposição no contexto penal, sendo uma das áreas que mais cresceu nos últimos anos, em consequência de surgimento de novos processos técnico-científicos. O processo identificativo resulta da pluridisciplinaridade da Medicina Legal, Odontologia, Lofoscopia e Antropologia. Consiste na elaboração do perfil biológico e comparação de fatores individualizantes ante e pos mortem. No perfil biológico consta da estimativa do sexo, da idade, da afinidade populacional e da estatura. Os fatores individualizantes são uma mais valia para a identificação, podendo ser alterações morfológicas, que são variantes anatómicas ou lesões ósseas que resultam de cirurgias ou variantes patológicas que podem deixar vestígios nos ossos. Foram analisados 16 casos forenses já prescritos entre 1982 e 2007, atualmente no arquivo do Laboratório de Antropologia Forense, da Delegação do Sul do INMLCF, IP. Dos 16 casos forenses foram analisados 19 indivíduos, dos quais 15.8% são do sexo feminino e 84.2% são do sexo masculino. No que diz respeito à faixa etária, 10.5% são indivíduos com idade entre 15 e 18 anos, 21.1% entre 18 e 29 anos, 47.3% entre os 30 e 39 anos e 21.1% indivíduos com mais de 40 anos. Em termos de afinidade populacional, 9 estima-se ser europeia (47.3%) e 4 africana (21.1%). Não foi possível estimar a afinidade populacional de 6 indivíduos (31.6%), considerados como não definido (ND).O balanço do estágio foi positivo, sobretudo por ter permitido um contato direto com a rotina de um Laboratório de Antropologia Forense e com os profissionais da área. Este estágio foi indispensável para complementar a formação adquirida ao longo do Mestrado.

Forensic Anthropology is a science whose main objective is the identification of human remains in an advanced state of decomposition in the criminal context. It is one of the areas that has grown the most in recent years, as a result of the emergence of new technical-scientific processes.The identification process is the result of the multidisciplinary work of Forensic Medicine, Dentistry, Lophoscopy and Anthropology. It consists of drawing up a biological profile and comparing individualizing factors before and after the death. The biological profile consists of estimating sex, age, population affinity and height. The individualizing factors are an added value for identification, and can be morphological alterations, which are anatomical variants or bone lesions that result from surgery or pathological variants that can leave traces in the bones.We analyzed 16 forensic cases already prescribed between 1982 and 2007, currently in the archive of the Forensic Anthropology Laboratory of the Southern Delegation of the INMLCF, IP.Of the 16 forensic cases, 19 individuals were analyzed, of which 15.8% were female and 84.2% male. In terms of age, 10.5% were aged between 15 and 18, 21.1% between 18 and 29, 47.3% between 30 and 39 and 21.1% over 40. In terms of population affinity, 9 are estimated to be European (47.3%) and 4 African (21.1%). It was not possible to estimate the population affinity of 6 individuals (31.6%), considered to be not defined (ND).The outcome of the internship was positive, above all because it gave me direct contact with the routine of a Forensic Anthropology Laboratory and with professionals in the field. This internship was essential to complement the training acquired during the Master's degree.

Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado em Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Biological Profile, Tafonomia, Taphonomy, Fatores Individualizantes, Individualizing Factores, Forensic Anthropology, Perfil Biológico, Antropologia Forense

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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