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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2025
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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A INFLUÊNCIA DO HPV NA INFERTILIDADE FEMININA E MASCULINA

Authors: Sousa, Mariana da Costa e;

A INFLUÊNCIA DO HPV NA INFERTILIDADE FEMININA E MASCULINA

Abstract

O papilomavírus humano (HPV) é responsável por uma proporção significativa das infeções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs), sendo que alguns subtipos deste vírus possuem características oncogénicas, capazes de induzir o desenvolvimento de neoplasias em diversas regiões do corpo, como cancros orofaríngeos e genitais. A prevalência do HPV no trato genital varia de acordo com a população analisada, apresentando uma maior incidência no fluido espermático de homens com infertilidade idiopática, em comparação com a população geral.Diversos estudos têm demonstrado que a presença do HPV está intimamente relacionada à infertilidade masculina, evidenciando que o vírus pode afetar negativamente a qualidade do esperma.Além disso, o HPV pode ter impacto sobre a fertilidade feminina, principalmente ao aumentar o risco de aborto e parto pré-termo espontâneo. Foi também possível, relacionar o efeito do vírus, no processo de implantação das células trofoblásticas no endométrio, afetando a fixação do embrião. Estudos adicionais apontam uma associação do HPV com disbiose bacteriana vaginal, especialmente a vaginose bacteriana ou a coinfecção com outras ISTs, o que agrava ainda mais os efeitos na fertilidade.Neste contexto, compreender também os efeitos potencialmente prejudiciais do HPV nos resultados da procriação medicamente assistida (PMA) pode ter implicações promissoras para o controlo da infertilidade.O objetivo desta revisão é proporcionar uma visão atualizada sobre o papel do HPV na infertilidade, tanto masculina quanto feminina, discutindo os mecanismos subjacentes e as implicações clínicas associadas. Além disso, serão abordadas estratégias preventivas, incluindo a vacinação contra o HPV, e alternativas para reduzir os efeitos da infeção na fertilidade, com ênfase na importância de políticas de saúde pública no controlo do HPV e na promoção da saúde reprodutiva.Esta revisão narrativa, resume os desenvolvimentos até agora limitados nesta área, e destaca a grande necessidade de serem aprofundados estudos, que contribuam para o esclarecimento de várias questões, que permanecem controversas e são defendidas por diferentes autores.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for a significant proportion of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), with certain subtypes of this virus possessing oncogenic characteristics capable of inducing the development of neoplasms in various parts of the body, such as oropharyngeal and genital cancers. The prevalence of HPV in the genital tract varies depending on the population analyzed, showing a higher incidence in the seminal fluid of men with idiopathic infertility compared to the general population.Several studies have demonstrated that the presence of HPV is closely related to male infertility, highlighting that the virus can negatively affect sperm quality. Furthermore, HPV may also impact female fertility, primarily by increasing the risk of miscarriage and spontaneous preterm birth. It has also been possible to link the effect of the virus to the process of trophoblastic cell implantation in the endometrium, thereby affecting embryo attachment. Additional studies point to an association between HPV and vaginal bacterial dysbiosis, especially bacterial vaginosis or co-infection with other STIs, which further exacerbates the effects on fertility.In this context, understanding the potentially harmful effects of HPV on the outcomes of medically assisted reproduction (MAR) could have promising implications for infertility management.The aim of this review is to provide an updated overview of the role of HPV in both male and female infertility, discussing the underlying mechanisms and associated clinical implications. Additionally, preventive strategies, including HPV vaccination, and alternatives to mitigate the effects of infection on fertility will be addressed, with an emphasis on the importance of public health policies in controlling HPV and promoting reproductive health.This narrative review summarizes the currently limited developments in this field and highlights the pressing need for further studies to clarify various unresolved and controversial issues, which remain the subject of debate among different authors.

Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Infertility, Reproduction, Infeção Sexualmente Transmissível, Papilomavírus Humano, Human Papillomavirus, Sexually Transmitted Infection, Infertilidade, Reprodução

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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
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