Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Estudo Geralarrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2025
Data sources: Estudo Geral
addClaim

Episiotomia: necessidade médica ou violência obstétrica?

Authors: Borges, Estefânia Domingas Lopes;

Episiotomia: necessidade médica ou violência obstétrica?

Abstract

Background: Criada em 1742, a episiotomia tem sido amplamente utilizada na obstetrícia, inicialmente como um procedimento preventivo para evitar lacerações graves e facilitar o parto. No entanto, seu uso rotineiro tem sido questionado devido a complicações associadas e ao impacto na autonomia materna.Objetivo: Analisar a episiotomia como necessidade médica ou possível forma de violência obstétrica, considerando desfechos maternos e neonatais, bem como implicações éticas e legais.Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão narrativa da literatura, utilizando artigos publicados entre 2014 e 2024, selecionados nas bases de dados PubMed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect e Google Scholar. Foram analisados 50 estudos que abordam a episiotomia, seus efeitos e o consentimento informado das mulheres.Resultados: A episiotomia seletiva demonstrou benefícios em contextos específicos, como partos instrumentados e sofrimento fetal iminente, reduzindo o risco de lacerações graves. No entanto, seu uso rotineiro esteve associado a maior dor perineal, dispareunia e risco de infeções. Além disso, 54% das mulheres submetidas ao procedimento relataram não ter dado consentimento prévio, evidenciando lacunas na comunicação médico-paciente.Conclusão: A episiotomia deve ser realizada apenas quando clinicamente indicada e mediante consentimento informado. O fortalecimento de diretrizes baseadas em evidências, a capacitação profissional e a promoção da autonomia das mulheres são essenciais para garantir uma prática obstétrica mais humanizada e ética.

Background: Introduced in the early 18th century, episiotomy has been widely used in obstetrics, initially as a preventive procedure to avoid severe perineal tears and facilitate childbirth. However, its routine use has been increasingly questioned due to associated complications and its impact on maternal autonomy.Objective: To analyze episiotomy as a medical necessity or a potential form of obstetric violence, considering maternal and neonatal outcomes, as well as ethical and legal implications.Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted, selecting articles published between 2014 and 2024 from PubMed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. A total of 50 studies addressing episiotomy, its effects, and informed consent were analyzed.Results: Selective episiotomy demonstrated benefits in specific contexts, such as instrumental deliveries and cases of imminent fetal distress, reducing the risk of severe perineal tears. However, its routine use was associated with increased perineal pain, dyspareunia, and a higher risk of infections. Furthermore, 54% of women who underwent the procedure reported not having given prior consent, highlighting critical gaps in physician patient communication.Conclusion: Episiotomy should only be performed when clinically indicated and with explicit informed consent. Strengthening evidence-based guidelines, enhancing professional training, and promoting women's autonomy are essential steps toward ensuring a more ethical and humanized obstetric practice.

Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Obstetric violence, Consentimento informado, Episiotomy, Episiotomia, Saúde materna., Violência obstétrica, Informed consent, Maternal health, Parto vaginal, Vaginal delivery

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green