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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2024
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A mechanism of resonant particle production during inflation

Authors: Gorgulho, Diogo Severino;

A mechanism of resonant particle production during inflation

Abstract

Tipicamente, o paradigma inflacionário padrão coloca o periodo de "reheating" estritamente após o término do regime de "slow-roll" do inflatão. Várias propostas de mecanismos de produção de partículas durante a fase de "slow-roll" têm surgido ao longo dos anos, sendo um argumento em seu favor a possibilidade de ter assinaturas observáveis dessas partículas no espetro da Radiação Cósmica de Fundo (CMB, do inglês "Cosmic Microwave Background"). Nesta tese, é desenvolvido e analisado um novo mecanismo que possibilita a produção de partículas escalares durante o regime de "slow-roll" devido a uma ressonância paramétrica estreita ("narrow" em inglês) encontrada na equação de movimento dos modos de Fourier do campo quântico a elas associado. São obtidas expressões analíticas aproximadas para a densidade comóvel de número e para a densidade física de energia das partículas produzidas. A "backreaction" no inflatão clássico e nas suas flutuações quânticas é obtida usando a aproximação de Hartree, e os seus efeitos no "curvature power spectrum", no "scalar spectral index" e no "tensor-to-scalar ratio" são determinados. É depois realizada uma análise numérica do modelo incluindo "backreaction", considerando em particular a eficiência do processo de produção de partículas e os efeitos no inflatão e nos observáveis do CMB. Alguns resultados analíticos são também comparados com simulações numéricas. É mostrado que através deste mecanismo é possível gerar uma densidade de energia apreciável de partículas sem que esta se torne a contribuição dominante para a equação de Friedmann, assim preservando o paradigma inflacionário subjacente. É mostrado também que, sob estas condições, são obtidas modificações ao "curvature power spectrum" que podem ser observadas futuramente.

The standard inflationary paradigm typically places the reheating period strictly after the slow-roll regime of the inflaton field comes to an end. Several proposals for particle production mechanisms during the slow-roll phase have appeared over the years, one argument in their favour being the possibility of having observable signatures of those particles in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) spectrum. In this thesis, we develop and analyse a novel mechanism that allows for production of scalar particles during the slow-roll regime due to a narrow parametric resonance found in the equation of motion for the Fourier modes of their associated quantum field. Approximate analytical expressions for the comoving number density and the physical energy density of the produced particles are obtained. The backreaction on the classical inflaton and on its quantum fluctuations is obtained using the Hartree approximation, and its effects on the curvature power spectrum, the scalar spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio are computed. We then perform a numerical analysis of the model including backreaction, considering in particular the efficiency of the particle production process and the effects on the inflaton field and on the CMB observables. We also compare a few analytical results to numerical simulations. We show that an appreciable energy density of particles can be generated through this mechanism without it becoming the dominant contribution to the Friedmann equation, thus preserving the underlying inflationary paradigm. We also show that under these conditions we obtain a modification of the curvature power spectrum which includes features that may fall within the range of future observations.

Trabalho de Projeto do Mestrado em Física apresentado à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

Universidade de Coimbra - Bolsa de Investigação/Research Fellowship - 880078 - CFisUC

Related Organizations
Keywords

Inflationary Epoch, Parametric Resonance, Particle Production, Cosmologia, Inflação, Época Inflacionária, Ressonância Paramétrica, Produção de Partículas, Inflation, Cosmology

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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