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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2024
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Terapêutica farmacológica não inalada na DPOC

Authors: Silva, Helena Oliveira;

Terapêutica farmacológica não inalada na DPOC

Abstract

A Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica (DPOC) é uma doença inflamatória crónica, complexa, de elevada prevalência, sendo atualmente a terceira principal causa de morte a nível mundial. Carateriza-se por sintomas respiratórios e limitação do fluxo aéreo não reversível. O tratamento de primeira linha é a broncodilatação, no entanto, em situações específicas como exacerbações, nas quais o doente não fica controlado com terapêutica médica otimizada, estão indicados tratamentos sistémicos.Esta revisão oferece uma perspetiva atual sobre os fármacos sistémicos indicados na DPOC (agonistas beta-2 adrenérgicos orais, antibióticos, corticosteroides orais, inibidores da fosfodiesterase-4, agentes biológicos, agentes mucolíticos, metilxantinas, beta-bloqueadores e Estatinas), bem como o seu mecanismo, eficácia, indicações e efeitos adversos. Finalmente são também discutidas as limitações dos estudos atuais.Com esse objetivo e recorrendo à Medline e Pubmed selecionaram-se revisões sistemáticas, meta-análises, ensaios controlados randomizados e revisões de literatura publicadas entre Janeiro de 2013 e Dezembro de 2023 nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Também foram abrangidos no estudo artigos mencionados nas referências dos estudos pesquisados. Para além destes, foram ainda consultados três livros e duas revistas acerca do tema e a Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease de 2023.O tratamento sistémico na DPOC é de elevada importância, permitindo controlar a resposta inflamatória, contribuindo para a redução dos sintomas e prevenção das exacerbações. A escolha do tratamento deve ser individualizada, considerando a gravidade da doença e as caraterísticas do doente.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic, complex, highly prevalent inflammatory disease, currently the third leading cause of death worldwide. It is characterized by respiratory symptoms and non-reversible airflow limitation. The first line treatment is bronchodilation, however, in specific situations such as exacerbations, in which the patient is not controlled with optimized medical therapy, systemic treatments are indicated. This review offers a current perspective on systemic drugs indicated in COPD (oral beta-2 adrenergic agonists, antibiotics, oral corticosteroids, phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors, biological agents, mucolytic agents, methylxanthines, beta-blockers and statins), as well as their mechanism, efficacy, indications, and adverse effects. Finally, the limitations of current studies are also discussed. With this objective and using Medline and Pubmed, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials and literature reviews published from January 2013 to December 2023 in Portuguese, English and Spanish were selected. The study also included articles mentioned in the references of the studies researched. In addition to these, three books and two magazines on the topic and the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease of 2023 were also consulted.The systemic treatment in COPD is of high importance, allowing for the control of the inflammatory response, contributing to the reduction of symptoms, and preventing exacerbations. The choice of treatment should be individualized, considering the severity of the disease and the characteristics of the patient.

Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

terapêutica não inalada, exacerbations, exacerbações, COPD, DPOC, non-inhaled therapy, doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green