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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2024
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Microbioma Vaginal e cancro ginecológico

Authors: Geraldes, Ana Beatriz Pereira da Silva;

Microbioma Vaginal e cancro ginecológico

Abstract

O microbioma vaginal e a hospedeira estabelecem uma relação de simbiose que se revela fundamental para a manutenção da homeostase ginecológica.O conceito tradicionalmente aceite de que o equilíbrio ginecológico se associava à abundância dos Lactobacillus na vagina tem vindo a ser desafiado por inúmeros estudos recentes. Através da utilização de técnicas de sequenciamento de alto rendimento reconhece-se, atualmente, que a composição bacteriana vaginal de mulheres saudáveis e assintomáticas, pode ser agrupada em diversas comunidades verificando-se que, algumas delas, se associam a uma depleção significativa destas bactérias.Recentemente, a perturbação do equilíbrio vaginal mediante fatores internos ou externos,comumente designado de disbiose, é potencialmente assumida como uma ameaça à saúde ginecológica dado aumentar a suscetibilidade de desenvolvimento de inúmeras condições adversas, encontrando-se entre elas o cancro ginecológico.Neste sentido, pretende-se com este trabalho fazer uma revisão da literatura mais recente que investiga a relação entre o microbioma vaginal e o desenvolvimento dos tipos de cancro ginecológico que mais comumente afetam as mulheres, nomeadamente o cancro cervical, do endométrio e do ovário. Além disso, também se discute o potencial benefício e aplicabilidade de estratégias moduladoras direcionadas ao microbioma no âmbito preventivo e terapêutico destas patologias. De forma geral, a maioria da evidência destaca a possível influência do microbioma vaginal disbiótico no risco de desenvolvimento destes tumores ginecológicos, bem como na sua progressão e resposta à terapêutica tradicional. Ainda assim, é pouco eficiente a estabelecer uma relação causa-efeito e a esclarecer essas associações enfatizando a necessidade da realizaçãode estudos complementares nestes âmbitos. No que respeita a medidas interventivas na microbiota vaginal ao nível da prevenção e terapêutica do cancro ginecológico, tais como os probióticos, prebióticos e transplante de microbiota vaginal, a literatura existente, ainda que antecipe potenciais efeitos promissores, é atualmente insuficiente para determinar e recomendar o seu uso na prática clínica assumindo a necessidade e dependência de investigações futuras.

The vaginal microbiome and the host establish a symbiotic relationship that proves to be fundamental for the maintenance of gynecological homeostasis.The traditionally accepted concept that gynecological balance was associated with the abundance of Lactobacilli in the vagina has been challenged by numerous recent studies. Through the use of high-throughput sequencing techniques, it is currently recognized that the vaginal bacterial composition of healthy, asymptomatic women can be grouped into various communities, with some of them being associated with a significant depletion of these bacteria.Recently, the disturbance of vaginal balance through internal or external factors, commonly referred to as dysbiosis, is potentially assumed as a threat to gynecological health due to its increased susceptibility to the development of numerous adverse conditions, including gynecological cancer.In this sense, this work aims to review the most recent literature investigating the relationship between the vaginal microbiome and the development of the most common types of gynecological cancer affecting women, namely cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer. Furthermore, it also discusses the potential benefit and applicability of modulatory strategies targeting the microbiome in the preventive and therapeutic scope of these pathologies.Overall, most evidence highlights the possible influence of a dysbiotic vaginal microbiome on the risk of developing these gynecological tumors, as well as their progression and response to traditional therapy. Nevertheless, it is not very effective in establishing a cause-and-effect relationship and clarifying these associations, emphasizing the need for further studies in these areas. Regarding interventional measures in vaginal microbiota for the prevention and therapy of gynecological cancer, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and vaginal microbiota transplantation,existing literature, while anticipating potential promising effects, is currently insufficient to determine and recommend their use in clinical practice, assuming the necessity and dependenceon future research.

Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Lactobacillus, Endometrial cancer, Ovarian cancer, Cancro do endométrio, Cervical cancer, Cancro cervical, Cancro do ovário, Vaginal Microbiome, Microbioma vaginal,

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
Related to Research communities
Cancer Research