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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2023
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Estágio em Geriatria

Authors: Rebelo, Maria José de Sousa Varela;

Estágio em Geriatria

Abstract

Portugal, onde 2.420.277 das pessoas residentes (23,4%) têm 65 ou mais anos é um dos países da U. E. com mais idosos em 2021. O envelhecimento da população deve-se à diminuição da natalidade e ao aumento da esperança de vida, que não foi acompanhada no país pelo aumento dos anos de vida saudáveis…Este estágio realizado na consulta externa de geriatria e na enfermaria C de medicina interna do CHUC, no âmbito do 2º ano do Mestrado em Geriatria da FMUC, decorreu de 14 de abril a 30 de novembro (2022), concluindo-se com um trabalho científico sobre Prevenção de Quedas. A consulta de geriatria encontra-se centrada no doente idoso e visa a prestação de cuidados de saúde holísticos. A articulação setorial e interinstitucional é frequente, na resolução de múltiplos problemas dos doentes. Constitui um instrumento fundamental desta consulta a Avaliação Geriátrica Global (adaptada no formato de Avaliação Funcional Breve), realizada em todas as primeiras consultas e regularmente nas consultas de revisão, sendo completada por outros instrumentos de avaliação, existindo anomalias. Salienta-se nesta consulta a revisão terapêutica, através da qual se procura diminuir a polimedicação; a prescrição de atividades de desenvolvimento cognitivo (desenho livre, cópia de textos, leitura, pintura); a educação para a alimentação e para o movimento… Na enfermaria C acompanhei as visitas da médica internista com competência em geriatria orientadora do estágio, constatei a valorização da relação médico – doente no processo terapêutico, a importância dada à observação médica dos idosos, à sua semiologia, à sua história clínica e ao acompanhamento do doente desde a entrada ao destino pós-alta. Durante o estágio foi avaliado o tempo de internamento, o diagnóstico principal, secundário, a medicação… Na consulta de geriatria realizou-se um estudo epidemiológico quase experimental. Controlaram-se os fatores de risco de quedas intrínsecos dos doentes e adotou-se um processo de Promoção da Saúde. No presente estudo, com carácter piloto, associaram procedimentos qualitativos usados em Psicologia e Terapia Familiar no controlo dos fatores de risco extrínsecos. Três meses após a consulta de geriatria repetiu-se, através do telefone, o processo de Educação para a saúde em Promoção da saúde, inquiriu-se os doentes sobre a sua situação de saúde, avaliou-se no trimestre a ocorrência de novas quedas e 50% dos doentes informaram ter corrigido os seus fatores de risco extrínsecos. Na sequência da intervenção, verificou-se uma diminuição na incidência de quedas no grupo em estudo no 3º trimestre de 2022, em relação à média da incidência trimestral de quedas (em período homólogo), antes da intervenção realizada na consulta de geriatria. Serão necessários novos estudos para confirmação dos resultados obtidos através deste estudo piloto.

Iº - The World Health Organisation (WHO), predicts that by 2050 the world´s population of people aged 60 and older will have doubled. Demographic ageing is a reality both in Europe and Portugal, where 23,4% of the population was more than 65 years old in 2021.Geriatrics has the objective of accompanying elderly people in this aging process, studying and preventing diseases and optimizing their quality of life as well as their caregivers. The present work aims to describe the observational internship, (integrated in the Master's Degree in Geriatrics at the Faculty of Medicine of Coimbra), completed at the University Hospital of Coimbra (Internal Medicine Service - Nursery C and External Consultation of Geriatrics), with a total duration of 400 hours, in which I had the opportunity to assist doctor Benilde Teresa Barbosa with competence in geriatrics, who transmitted the knowledge to collaborate on the consultation in the period between April and November of 2022. During the internship in Nursery the patient´s age, gender, polymedication, major and minor diagnosis was assessed… Elderly people often have problems of an economic and social nature, so they need the help of other professionals (social workers, nutritionists, nurses, physiotherapists…) and the consultation carried out in intersectorial and interinstitutional articulation.IIº An epidemiological study almost experimental was carried out, in the Geriatrics consultation.Falls are the second main cause of accident or death in the world, (OMS 2004). In Portugal, the direct costs of falls in the country in 2016 were estimated at 56 million euros. The occurrence of falls depends on various factors, being more frequent and serious in the elderly. An epidemiological study was carried out, with a pilot character, in which a process of Education for Health in Health Promotion was adopted and qualitative methodologies used in Psychology and Family Therapy were associated, in the control of extrinsic risk factors. In the Geriatrics consultation, a geriatric medical control of intrinsic risk factors was carried out. Three months after the Geriatric consultation, the process of Education for Health in Health Promotion was repeated over the telephone, patients were questioned about their health situation, the occurrence of new falls was evaluated and 50% of the patients reported having corrected their extrinsic risk factors for falls.Following the intervention, there was a decrease in the incidence of falls in the study group in the 3rd quarter of 2022, in relation to the average quarterly incidence of falls (in the same period), before the intervention carried out in the geriatric consultation. It will be necessary to carry out further studies to confirm the results obtained in this pilot study.

Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado em Geriatria apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Estudo, Preventive measures, Study, Internship, Falls, Geriatria, Prevenção, Geriatric, Estágio, Quedas

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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