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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2023
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Perfil Glicémico no Recém-Nascido filho de mãe diabética com bomba de insulina

Authors: Pereira, Bárbara Marisa Costa;

Perfil Glicémico no Recém-Nascido filho de mãe diabética com bomba de insulina

Abstract

O recém-nascido (RN) saudável está naturalmente adaptado a gerir uma situação de stress metabólico no período pós-natal imediato, nomeadamente glicemias mais baixas. Porém, em algumas situações, os fatores perinatais podem agravar esta situação. A hipoglicemia pode ser assintomática ou ter um quadro aparatoso com letargia, irritabilidade, dificuldades alimentares, apneia, entre outros. Esta situação pode influenciar negativamente o perfil de neurodesenvolvimento dos RN.Neste estudo salientaram-se os filhos de mães diabéticas. A Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) teve uma evolução mais favorável, beneficiando de controlo cada vez mais eficaz, sobretudo desde a introdução dos dispositivos de perfusão subcutânea contínua de insulina (PSCI). Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar os perfis glicémicos nas primeiras 24 horas de vida de RN filhos de mães com DM1, comparando os RN cujas progenitoras foram tratadas com PSCI com os RN cujas mães foram tratadas com múltiplas injeções diárias de insulina (MDI). Este estudo incluiu 38 RN, nascidos na Maternidade Daniel de Matos, Coimbra, entre 2018 e 2022 - 19 filhos de grávidas com DM1, subdivididos em dois grupos: filhos de mães DM1 tratadas com PSCI (N=9) e filhos de mães tratadas com MDI (N=10); 19 constituíram o grupo controlo (emparelhamento individual com a amostra). Através da consulta dos processos clínicos, foram recolhidos dados sobre a idade gestacional, peso ao nascimento e os valores de medição de glicemia em quatro momentos-chave do primeiro dia de vida do RN (antes das 4 horas de vida, às 6h, 12h e 24h). Efetuou-se o registo de dados sobre a necessidade de internamento em Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatais e a ocorrência de hipoglicemia neonatal. As médias das medições de glicemia em cada momento, dos 3 grupos, foram comparadas com recurso ao software SPSS.Não se verificaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os valores de glicemia nos 3 grupos, à exceção no momento da medição às 12 horas de vida entre o grupo de filhos de mães tratadas com MDI e o grupo controlo (60,6±17,5 mg/dl vs 75,9±17,0 mg/dl, p = 0,011). Embora sem diferença estatisticamente significativa, observou-se ainda que os RN do grupo de mães tratadas com PSCI nasceram com maior peso ao nascimento e com maior risco de serem grandes para a idade gestacional (PSCI: 77,8% vs MDI: 40%, p = 0,230).Assim, o uso de PSCI durante a gestação em grávidas DM1 esteve associado a resultados semelhantes a grávidas DM1 tratadas com MDI.

The healthy newborn is naturally adapted to manage a situation of metabolic stress in the immediate postnatal period, namely lower blood glucose levels. However, in some situations, perinatal factors can aggravate this situation. Hypoglycemia can be asymptomatic or have an ostentatious condition with lethargy, irritability, eating difficulties, apnea, among others. This situation can negatively influence the neurodevelopmental profile of newborns.In this study, diabetic mothers’ children stood out. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) had a more favorable evolution, benefiting from increasingly effective control, especially since the introduction of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) devices.This work aimed to study the glycemic profiles in the first 24 hours of life of newborns born to mothers with T1DM, comparing newborns whose mothers were treated with CSII, with newborns whose mothers were treated with multiple daily insulin injections (MDI).This study included 38 newborns, born at Maternidade Daniel de Matos, Coimbra, between 2018 and 2022 - 19 children of pregnant women with T1DM, divided into two groups: children of T1DM mothers treated with CSII (N=9) and children of mothers treated with MDI (N=10); 19 constituted the control group (individual pairing with the sample). By consulting the clinical files, data were collected on gestational age, birth weight and blood glucose measurement values in four key moments of the newborn's first day of life (before 4 hours of life, at 6, 12 and 24 hours). Data were recorded on the need for hospitalization in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and the occurrence of neonatal hypoglycemia. The averages of blood glucose measurements at each moment, of the 3 groups, were compared using the SPSS software.There were no statistically significant differences between the glycemic values in the 3 groups, with the exception of the measurement at 12 hours of life between the group of children of mothers treated with MDI and the control group (60.6±17.5 mg/ dl vs 75.9±17.0 mg/dl, p = 0.011). Although there was no statistically significant difference, it was also observed that the newborns in the group of mothers treated with CSII were born with higher birth weights and with a greater risk of being large for their gestational age (CSII: 77.8% vs MDI: 40%, p = 0.230).Thus, the use of CSII during pregnancy in T1DM pregnant women was associated with outcomes similar to T1DM pregnant women treated with MDI.

Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Multiple Daily Insulin Injections, Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1, Insulin Pump, Múltiplas doses de insulina, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Neonatal Hypoglycaemia, Bomba Perfusora, Hipoglicemias neonatais

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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