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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2023
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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The Genetic Risk Score and Extramacular Drusen

Authors: Machado, Maria Beatriz de Brito;

The Genetic Risk Score and Extramacular Drusen

Abstract

Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre Scores de risco genético (SRG) calculados para o risco de Degenerescência Macular da Idade (DMI) e a presença de drusen extramaculares, e determinar se estes fenótipos podem representar outra expressão de suscetibilidade genética entre indivíduos com ou sem DMI.Métodos: Nesta análise, foram incluídos 1846 participantes do estudo de Incidência da DMI. Foi utilizado um sistema de grading multimodal, com retinografia digital colorida, tomografia de coerência ótica de domínio espectral, autofluorescência e luz infra-vermelha do fundo ocular, para avaliar a presença de DMI e drusen extramaculares. Foram avaliadas as caraterísticas dos drusen extramaculares, nomeadamente tipo, tamanho, localização e distribuição. Para testar as diferenças nos SRG entre olhos com drusens extramaculares/ DMI, foi utilizado o Wilcoxon rank sum test. A associação entre DMI e drusens extramaculares e os SRG foi avaliada através de modelos de regressão logísticos ajustados para a idade e o sexo. Resultados: Encontrámos 693 olhos com drusens extramaculares, 460 olhos (36.3%) sem DMI, e 233 olhos (67.3%) com DMI. A presença de DMI, a idade, e o sexo foram preditivos de drusen extramaculares. Os drusen extramaculares foram significativamente associados com DMI (OR=3.137; p<0.001). Os SRG foram associados a um aumento do risco de DMI (OR=1.444; p<0.001), embora não haja associação entre SRG e drusens extramaculares.Conclusões: Os nossos resultados mostraram uma relação forte entre DMI e drusen extramaculares, sugerindo uma patogénese comum. No entanto, os SRG, baseados em variantes de risco para DMI identificadas em grandes GWAS, não se associaram, na nossa população, à presença de drusen extramaculares. Outras variantes de risco genético, não utilizadas nos SRG para DMI, possivelmente desempenharão um papel importante. Estudos futuros que explorem variantes genéticas específicas, major e raras, são necessários para melhor compreensão da relevância clínica dos fatores de risco genético nos drusens extramaculares, com ou sem DMI.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between the GRS calculated for AMD risk and the presence of EMD, and to determine whether these phenotypes could represent another expression of genetic susceptibility among individuals with or without AMD. Methods: In this analysis, we included 1846 participants from the AMD Incidence study. Multimodal imaging with color fundus photography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography, autofluorescence and near-infrared imaging was used to assess the presence of AMD and EMD. EMD characteristics, namely type, size, location, and distribution were evaluated. To test differences in the GRS between EMD/AMD categories, a clustered Wilcoxon rank sum test was used. The association between AMD and EMD and the GRS was evaluated using logistic regression models adjusted for age and sex. Results: EMD were found in 693 eyes, 460 eyes (36.3%) without AMD, and 233 eyes (67.3%) with AMD. Presence of AMD, age, and sex were predictive of EMD. EMD was strongly associated with AMD (OR=3.137; p<0.001). The GRS was associated with an increased risk of AMD (OR=1.444; p<0.001), but there was no association between the GRS and EMD.Conclusions: Our results show that there is a strong relationship between AMD and EMD suggesting a common pathogenesis. However, the GRS, calculated based on risk variants for AMD identified in a large GWAS, did not show an association with the presence of EMD in our population. Other genetic risk variants are probably at play, which are not being covered by using only GRS for AMD. Further studies exploring specific major and rare genetic variants are required to understand the clinical relevance of genetic risk factors in EMD, with or without AMD.

Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Extramacular drusen, Genotype-phenotype associations, Degenerescência Macular da Idade, Age-related macular degeneration, Coimbra eye study, Associações genótipo-fenótipo, Drusen extramaculares, Genetic risk score, Scores de risco genético

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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