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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2023
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Market based probability of default models

Authors: Conceição, Alice Nobre da;

Market based probability of default models

Abstract

A presente dissertação apresenta a estimação da probabilidade de default baseada em modelos de default associados a preços de opções financeiras. Numa primeira fase, é apresentado o modelo de Black-Scholes-Merton para atribuição de preços de opções financeiras, bem como algumas extensões do mesmo. A primeira extensão apresentada baseia-se na mistura de duas distribuições lognormais que, apesar de não envolver um parâmetro de default, é relevante no sentido em que permite uma melhor compreensão das extensões seguintes. Por outro lado, são estudadas duas extensões ao modelo de Black-Scholes-Merton nas quais já é introduzido um parâmetro que representa a probabilidade de default. A primeira diz respeito a uma distribuição lognormal aumentada com probabilidade de default e a segunda uma mistura de duas distribuições lognormais com probabilidade de default. O objetivo de ambas é a estimação da função densidade neutra ao risco que incorpora esta probabilidade. Numa segunda fase, procede-se a uma análise empírica em ambiente de simulação e com dados de mercado. Em ambiente de simulação, pretendemos verificar que, de facto, os modelos com os quais estamos a trabalhar estão bem calibrados, isto é, obtemos valores estimados consideravelmente próximos dos valores teóricos. Na análise com dados de mercado, pretendemos estimar as funções densidade neutras ao risco, assim como a probabilidade de default para duas empresas, Intel Corp. e Beyond Meat, Inc., através da utilização de dados de preços de opções financeiras, de forma a comparar a probabilidade de default de ambas associada com a sua estabilidade financeira ao longo dos últimos anos.

This dissertation presents the estimation of the probability of default based on default models associated with the prices of financial options. First, the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model is presented, as well as some extensions. The first extension presented is based on the mixture of two lognormal distributions which, although it does not involve a default parameter, is relevant in the sense that it allows a better understanding of the following extensions. On the other hand, two extensions to the Black-Scholes-Merton model are addressed in which a parameter that represents the probability of default is introduced. The first one is a lognormal distribution augmented with a probability of default and the second one is a mixture of two lognormal distributions with a probability of default. The goal of both extensions is the estimation of the risk-neutral density function that incorporates this probability. An empirical analysis is carried out in a simulation environment and with market data. In a simulation environment, we intend to verify that, in fact, the models that we are working with are well calibrated, that is, we obtain estimated values considerably close to the theoretical ones. In the analysis with market data, we intend to estimate the risk-neutral density functions, as well as the probability of default for two companies, Intel Corp. and Beyond Meat, Inc., using option price data, in order to compare the probability of default of both companies, associated with their financial stability over the past few years.

Dissertação de Mestrado em Métodos Quantitativos em Finanças apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Probability of default, Risk-neutral density function, Função densidade neutra face ao risco, Options contracts, Contratos de opções, Probabilidade de default

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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