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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2023
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Fiducial Markers For Autonomous UAV Landing

Authors: Sousa, João Pedro Jacinto;

Fiducial Markers For Autonomous UAV Landing

Abstract

Nas décadas mais recentes, os veículos aéreos não tripulados, também vulgarmente conhecidos por drones, têm-se vindo a revelar cada vez mais populares, tanto nos círculos profissionais como nos comerciais, permitindo tarefas de supervisão, monitorização, reconhecimento, resgate, procura, entrega e recolha de dados, entre outras. Contudo, a sua baixa autonomia energética tornou-se um obstáculo à completa autonomia energética dos sistemas que integram estes robôs. Entre as várias soluções formuladas para resolver este problema, uma que se destaca é o uso de estações de carregamentos. Estas são postos onde o UAV pode aterrar para recarregar a sua bateria via um par de bobinas. No entanto, desta tecnologia surge outro desafio: aterrar com precisão nas estações de carregamento. Então, esta dissertação visa melhorar trabalho passado através do desenvolvimento de um sistema robusto de aterragem autónoma baseado em visão por computador. O algoritmo usa uma câmara e um marcador fiducial para controlar o voo do UAV até ao marcador e aterrar precisamente nele. Esta dissertação também se foca em comparar diferentes marcadores fiduciais para determinar quão apropriados são para este fim, bem como desenvolver um marcador fiducial customizado e um algoritmo de deteção para o mesmo. Uma experiência controlada foi feita para comparar os alcances de deteção e errors de estimação de posição dos marcadores. Outra experiência foi realizada em ambiente de simulação para testar e validar o algoritmo de aterragem.

In the more recent decades, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become increasingly popular both in professional circles and commercial ones, allowing for automation of tasks such as surveillance, reconnaissance, search and rescue, monitoring, deliveries, among various other usefull applications. However, their low energetic autonomy has become an obstacle in the way of full automation of systems integrating this type of autonomous mobile robots. Among the many solutions that have been explored, one that shows promise and has captivated researchers is inductive wireless charging by using charging stations. These charging stations are outposts where a UAV can land to have its battery recharged by means of a pair of transmitter-receiver coils. These charging stations raise their own challenge: landing precisely and consistently on them. Hence, this master's dissertation looks to improve upon previous work in the field by developing a robust vision-based autonomous landing algorithm. The algorithm uses a camera and a fiducial marker to control the UAV's flight towards the marker and land precisely on top of it. This dissertation also focuses on comparing different fiducial markers to determine how well suited they are for this application, as well as developing a CFM with its own detection algorithm. A controlled experiment was done to compare the markers' detection range and pose estimation errors. Another experiment was done in simulation to test and validate the landing algorithm.

Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrotécnica e de Computadores apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Fiducial Markers, UAV, Computer Vision, Marcadores Fiduciais, Aterragem Autónoma, Autonomous Landing, Drone, Visão por Computador

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green