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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2020
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Management of pulp canal obliteration: systematic review of case reports

Authors: Castanheira, Catarina Vilão;

Management of pulp canal obliteration: systematic review of case reports

Abstract

Introdução: A calcificação pulpar distrófica (CPD) é uma sequela pós-traumática que geralmente afeta os dentes anteriores de jovens adultos. Na maioria dos casos esta condição é detetada pelo menos 1 ano após o trauma. A descoloração dentária é um achado frequente. Apesar da necrose pulpar (NP) ser uma possível complicação tardia, esta mostrou ser pouco frequente em vários estudos. Estabelecer um plano de tratamento para um dente diagnosticado com esta condição não é uma tarefa fácil. Tendo em conta que até 24% dos dentes traumatizados desenvolvem algum grau de obliteração pulpar, é crucial que os médicos-dentistas estejam cientes das possibilidades de tratamento para estes casos. Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão sistemática de casos clínicos foi determinar qual a abordagem clínica que deve ser implementada em dentes com CPD após trauma e propor um novo algoritmo de decisão clínica. Materiais e Métodos: Realizou-se uma pesquisa eletrónica nas bases de dados Pubmed, EBSCOhost e LILACS. Não houve restrição quanto ao ano de publicação. Apenas foram incluídos dentes permanentes anteriores com CPD devido a trauma dentário. Em relação às abordagens clínicas, apenas foram incluídos dentes tratados com uma conduta expectante, com branqueamento dentário ou com tratamento endodôntico. Foi realizada uma análise qualitativa dos resultados. Resultados: Foram selecionados 20 relatos de casos clínicos resultando num total de 27 pacientes. O número de dentes traumatizados diagnosticados com CPD foi 33 (18 com calcificação parcial e 15 com total). A conduta expectante foi a abordagem clínica mais implementada. A prevalência de NP nesta amostra foi de 36,36%. Para os dentes diagnosticados com NP, o tratamento endodôntico não cirúrgico foi realizado em 10 dentes e o cirúrgico em apenas 1 dente. A técnica de endodontia guiada foi realizada em 6 dentes e a técnica convencional nos restantes 4 dentes. O tratamento endodôntico profilático foi apenas realizado em dois dentes por motivos estéticos. Para os casos tratados com branqueamento externo, a técnica combinada foi a opção mais comum. Conclusão: Dentro das limitações desta revisão, uma conduta expectante deve ser implementada em dentes assintomáticos com CPD sem evidência de patologia periapical. No caso de haver preocupações estéticas, o branqueamento externo deve ser a primeira opção de tratamento. Caso sejam detetadas complicação endodônticas, existem várias estratégias endodônticas e exames imagiológicos que podem ser um bom auxílio para os médicos-dentistas tratarem canais calcificados.

Introduction: Pulp canal obliteration (PCO) is a sequel to dental trauma and usually affects the anterior teeth of young adults. In most cases, it goes undetected for at least one year after trauma. Discoloration of the crown is a frequent finding. Although pulp necrosis (PN) is a potential latter complication, it was an uncommon finding in several studies. Establishing a treatment plan for a tooth diagnosed with this condition is a difficult assignment. Considering that up to 24% of traumatized teeth develop some degree of canal obliteration, it is crucial that clinicians are aware of the treatment possibilities for these cases.Aim: The aim of this systematic review of case reports was to determine what clinical approach should be implemented in traumatized teeth with PCO and to propose a new clinical decision-making algorithm. Materials and Methods: An electronic search strategy was performed in Pubmed, EBSCOhost and LILACS. There was no restriction regarding the publication year. Only anterior permanent teeth with PCO due to dental trauma were included. Regarding the clinical approaches, only teeth managed with a “watchful waiting” approach, with tooth bleaching or with root canal treatment (RCT) were included. A qualitative analysis of the results was made. Results: Twenty case reports were selected, resulting in a total of 27 patients. The number of traumatized teeth diagnosed with PCO was 33 (18 with PPCO and 15 with TPCO). The “watchful waiting” approach was the most implemented clinical strategy. The prevalence of PN in this sample was 36,36%. For teeth diagnosed with PN, non-surgical RCT was performed in 10 teeth and surgical RCT in one tooth. The guided endodontics technique was performed in 6 teeth and the conventional technique in the remaining 4. Prophylactic endodontic treatment was only performed in two teeth for aesthetic reasons. For the cases managed with external bleaching, the combined technique was the most common option. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this review, a “watchful waiting” approach should be implemented in asymptomatic teeth with PCO without evidence of periapical pathology. In the presence of aesthetic concerns, external bleaching should be the first treatment option. If endodontic complications are detected, there are several endodontic strategies and imaging exams that can help clinicians treating calcified canals.

Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Dentária apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Pulp Canal Obliteration, Tooth Bleaching, Traumatismos Dentários, Tooth Injuries, Tratamento Endodôntico, Watchful Waiting, Conduta Expectante, Branqueamento Dentário, Root Canal Treatment, Calcificação Pulpar Distrófica

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green