
handle: 10316/104238
A pandemia COVID-19 trouxe desafios e dificuldades marcadas para os profissionais de saúde da linha da frente, que se encontram expostos a elevados níveis de stress, tornando os num grupo de risco. Por este motivo, torna-se fundamental perceber o impacto da pandemia na saúde mental destes profissionais. Assim, o presente estudo pretendeu explorar as suas experiências emocionais, através de uma nova medida – a Escala de Reações Pós-Tragédia. Para além disso, este estudo explorou a relação entre o impacto traumático da pandemia, o burnout e o autocriticismo nestes profissionais e testou o papel moderador do autocriticismo na relação entre o impacto traumático da pandemia e o burnout. Através de um protocolo de investigação online, foi recolhida uma amostra de 106 profissionais de saúde que trabalhavam diretamente com doentes COVID-19. Os resultados revelaram a presença sintomas psicopatológicos e dificuldades emocionais que comprovam que o trauma associado à pandemia, apesar de abarcar sintomas e experiências emocionais semelhantes ao trauma baseado no medo, apresenta outras características, nomeadamente a tristeza, a raiva, a frustração, o sofrimento empático pela impossibilidade de salvar todos os doentes por falta de meios e por assistir diariamente a mortes. Neste estudo, o impacto traumático, o burnout e o autocriticismo mostraram estar positiva e significativamente correlacionados e o autocriticismo revelou ter um papel moderador na associação entre o impacto traumático da pandemia e o burnout, amplificando este efeito. Estes resultados apontam para a necessidade de se desenharem estratégias específicas que contribuam para a prevenção e tratamento do burnout e de dificuldades psicológicas sentidas pelos profissionais de saúde no contexto da pandemia.
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought marked challenges and difficulties for frontline health professionals, who are exposed to high levels of stress, making them an at-risk group. For this reason, it is essential to understand the impact of the pandemic on these professionals’ mental health. Thus, the present study aimed to explore their emotional experiences, through a new measure – the Post-Tragedy Reactions Scale. In addition, this study explored the associations between the traumatic impact of the pandemic, burnout and self criticism in these professionalsand the moderating effect of self-criticism in the relationship between the traumatic impact of the pandemic and burnout. Through an online research protocol, a sample of 106 health professionals working directly with COVID-19 patients was collected. The results revealed the presence of psychopathological symptoms and emotional difficulties that prove that the trauma associated with the pandemic, despite including symptoms and emotional experiences similar to trauma based on fear, presents other characteristics, namely sadness, anger, frustration and empathic suffering due to the impossibility of saving all patients, to the lack of means, and to witnessing daily deaths. In this study, traumatic impact, burnout and self-criticism showed to be positive and significantly correlated and self-criticism revealed to have a moderating role in the association between the traumatic impact of the pandemic and burnout, amplifying this effect. These results point to the need to design specific strategies that may contribute to the prevention and treatment of burnout and psychological difficulties experienced by health professionals in the context of the pandemic.
Dissertação de Mestrado em Intervenções Cognitivo-Comportamentais em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação
Self-criticism; burnout, Profissionais de saúde, Experiências emocionais, Healthcare professionals, COVID-19, Autocriticismo; burnout, Emotional experiences, Impacto traumático da pandemia, Traumatic impact of the pandemic
Self-criticism; burnout, Profissionais de saúde, Experiências emocionais, Healthcare professionals, COVID-19, Autocriticismo; burnout, Emotional experiences, Impacto traumático da pandemia, Traumatic impact of the pandemic
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