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Changes of porosity due to weathering in quartzites and slates of a Raña profile (Montes de Toledo, Central Spain)

Authors: Molina Ballesteros, Eloy; García Talegón, Jacinta; Herrero Fernández, Hernando; Iñigo, Adolfo C.;

Changes of porosity due to weathering in quartzites and slates of a Raña profile (Montes de Toledo, Central Spain)

Abstract

[ES]Las Rañas son depósitos de abanicos aluviales del Plio-Pleistoceno que forman plataformas de piedemonte alrededor de las montanas del interior de la Peninsula Iberica. Estan formadas de bloques, cantos y gravas de cuarcita dominantes y algún cuarzo engastados en una matriz arcillosa que muestra importantes contrastes de color causados por hidromorfismo. Bajo estas plataformas, el zocalo hercinico se encuentra profundamente alterado. En un perfil de Rana se distinguen dos tipos de horizontes: i) el superior, de pocos decimetros de grosor, rico en cantos, gravas, arena y limo, pero pobre en arcilla, y ii) el inferior, normalmente de algunos metros de grosor y rico en arcillas. Dependiendo de su situacion dentro del perfil de la Rana, los cantos y gravas de cuarcita situados en el horizonte rico en arcillas presentan una corteza de alteración de tonos ocres a blancos, en contraste con los situados en horizonte de lavado inmediatamente bajo la superficie, que presentan una corteza de alteracion de intenso color rojo. Estas diferencias están relacionadas con cambios en las propiedades fisicas (p. ej. densidad aparente y porosidad), en la mineralogía (presencia de oxihidroxidos) y en los procesos de alteracion que han ocurrido en el perfil y que han llevado incluso a la corrosion y reemplazo de granos de cuarzo por oxihidroxidos de Fe. La causa principal han sido los cambios hidricos ocurridos en los poros de los cantos y gravas de cuarcita. Las pizarras alteradas que aparecen bajo la Rana presentan una importante pérdida de materia (ca. 30%) y cambios en su composicion mineral, con una progresiva reduccion en sus componentes iniciales y el aumento de otros nuevos (esmectitas, kaolinita s.l. y oxihidroxidos de hiero) hacia techo del perfil

[EN]Rañas are alluvial fan deposits of Plio-Pleistocene age that form the piedmont platforms around the mountains in the interior of the Iberian Peninsula. They are composed of cobbles, pebbles and gravels of quartzite and some quartz, all embedded within a clayey matrix displaying striking changes in hues due to hydromorphism. Beneath these platforms, the Hercynian basement is consistently deeply weathered. In the profile of the Raña, the quartzite stones located into the clayey horizon have a weathering rind that is whitish to ochre in colour, in contrast to the dark reddish hue of those located within the leaching horizon, just below the land surface. These differences are related to changes in the physical properties (e.g., bulk density and porosity), mineralogy (presence of oxyhydroxides) and weathering processes that have taken place in the profile. Such processes have led to the corrosion and replacement of the quartz grains by the iron oxyhydroxides. The main cause is the dramatic changes in the wáter regime occurring in the pores at the surfaces of the quartzite stones. Due to weathering the slates outcropping beneath the Raña have undergone important release of matter (ca. 30%), together with changes in the mineral association, with a progressive reduction in the component of the unweathered slates and an increase in new minerals (smectites, kaolinite and iron oxyhydroxides) upwards.

This work has been supported by the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia of Spain under project CGL2007-62168/BTE (funds FEDER).

13 páginas, 7 figuras, 2 tablas

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Keywords

Piedmont, Porosidad, Pizarras, porosity, weathering rinds, pizarras, Costrar de alteración, cuarcitas, Piedemonte, quartzite stones, Cuarcita, Quartzite stones, porosidad, slates, costras de alteracion, piedmont, Slates, piedemonte, Porosity, Weathering rinds

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