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The Condor
Article
Data sources: UnpayWall
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The Condor
Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Tropical Phenology in Temperate Regions

Extended Breeding Season in a Long-Distance Migrant
Authors: Camacho, Carlos;

Tropical Phenology in Temperate Regions

Abstract

[ES] La latitud es considerada habitualmente como un factor determinante de la cronología reproductiva de las aves, aunque ésta puede resultar dispar entre poblaciones cercanas. Durante tres años, estimé la duración del período reproductor en una población de Caprimulgus ruficollis del suroeste de España. Los datos sobre el desarrollo de la placa incubatriz y la aparición de pollos recién volados mostraron la existencia de un periodo reproductor inusualmente prolongado (110 días) para un migrador de larga distancia. La flexibilidad temporal en la reproducción aparentemente afectó a la partida migratoria de los individuos. Aunque la mayoría de los chotacabras abandonaron el área de estudio de forma gradual desde mediados de agosto, algunos reproductores tardíos partieron con una diferencia de un mes respecto a los primeros. La disminución en la competencia por el alimento y los territorios de cría, junto con el constante aporte de alimento y presión de depredadores, parecen emular condiciones típicamente tropicales, permitiendo a los chotacabras criar durante un largo periodo de tiempo a pesar de habitar regiones templadas. La fenología de los chotacabras se vio además extendida por un cuidado parental prolongado (≥35 días), lo que también generó retrasos en la muda previa a la migración otoñal. Sin embargo, las aves compensaron parcialmente estos costes temporales para ajustarse al ciclo anual, iniciando una muda simultánea de plumas de vuelo inmediatamente después de la eclosión. De acuerdo con los estudios actuales que ilustran la incidencia de los eventos de reproducción sobre las rutinas anuales de las aves, los resultados de esta población de chotacabras se suman a las recientes hipótesis que contemplan nuevas formas en las que la reproducción, la muda y la migración pueden interactuar y condicionarse entre sí.

[EN] The chronology of birds’ breeding has traditionally been thought to depend strongly on latitude, although it can be rather uneven among populations in close proximity. I estimated the extent of the breeding season in a population of the Red-necked Nightjar (Caprimulgus ruficollis) over three years in southwestern Spain. Data from brood patch development and appearance of recently fledged young provided evidence for a breeding season unusually extended (110 days) for a long-distance migrant. Flexible timing in reproduction appeared to affect individual’s departure in migration. Although most adult nightjars gradually left the study area beginning in mid August, some late breeders left the area about a month later than the earliest migrants. Decreasing competition for food and free nesting territories, together with a food supply and predation pressure constant through the season, resemble conditions in the tropics and enable the nightjars to breed over an extended period despite inhabiting a temperate region. The nightjars’ phenology was further expanded by a protracted period (≥35 days) of parental care, which also led to later molt prior to autumn migration. However, birds partially compensated for time costs to adjust to the annual cycle by initiating a simultaneous shedding of flight feathers immediately after hatching. In accordance with current studies showing how breeding events carry over into the annual routines of birds, results from this nightjar population come on top of recent hypotheses regarding new ways in which breeding, molt and migration could interact and condition each other.

Peer reviewed

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Keywords

Caprimulgus ruficollis, Molt, Breeding season, Red-necked Nightjar, Annual cycles, Migration

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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