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Docta Complutense
Article . 2001
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Contribuciones al estudio palinológico del Cretácico Inferior de la Cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica: los afloramientos ambarígenos de Peñacerrada (España)

Authors: Barrón López, Eduardo; Comas Rengifo, María José; Elorza, Laura;

Contribuciones al estudio palinológico del Cretácico Inferior de la Cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica: los afloramientos ambarígenos de Peñacerrada (España)

Abstract

[ES] Los afloramientos ambarígenos del Cretácico Inferior de Peñacerrada están situados en el margen S de la Cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica (España). Sus materiales, que se han analizado desde un punto de vista palinológico, corresponden a la unidad intermedia de la Formación Escucha y estan constituidos por lutitas y lignitos que se depositaron en los canales arenosos de una llanura deltaica. Este estudio ha revelado la existencia de una rica flora integrada por un elevado número de taxones de las divisiones Briophyta, Lycophyta, Pteridophyta, Coniferophyta, Cycadophyta/Ginkgophyta, Gnetophyta y Magnoliophyta, que se desarrolló en unas condiciones climáticas cálidas y húmedas. En las asociaciones palinológicas dominan los granos de polen anemófilo inaperturado, bisacado y del género Corollina y de esporas cinguladas, taeniadas y psiladas posiblemente hidrófilas que indican la existencia de bosques de coníferas, constituidos principalmente por plantas de las familias Araucariaceae y Cupressaceae, con un rico sotobosque de criptógamas vasculares y de formaciones xeromórficas, dominadas por especies de la familia Cheirolepidiaceae. Los estudios cualitativos y cuantitativos parecen indicar que los materiales de los afloramientos estudiados corresponderían al intervalo Aptiense Superior-Albiense Inferior. En la Península Ibérica, la palinoflora estudiada presenta semejanzas con un algunos afloramientos de la zona suroccidental de la Cordillera Ibérica, las Cordilleras Béticas y de las regiones portuguesas de Beira Litoral y Estremadura, siendo este estudio una de las primeras contribuciones palinológicas que se realizan en el Cretácico Inferior de la Cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica.

[EN] The outcrops with amber from Lower Cretaceous of Peñacerrada are located in the south margin of the Vasco-Cantabrian Basin (Spain). The palynological samples come from the middle unit of the Escucha Formation and consist of mudstones, limes and lignites deposited in the sandy channels of a deltaic plain. The palynoflora is rich and diverse constituted by a high number of taxa of the Briophyta, Lycophyta, Pteridophyta, Coniferophyta, Cycadophyta/Ginkgophyta, Gnetophyta and Magnoliophyta divisions, which developed in warm and wet climatic conditions. The inaperturate and bisaccate anemophilous and Corollina pollen grains and cingulate, taeniate and psilate, possibly hidrophilous, spores numerically dominated the assemblages. On the one hand, these associations show the existence of coniferous forests formed by trees of the Araucariaceae and Cupressaceae families, with a rich undergrow constituted by vascular cryptogamas. Besides, xeromorphic communities of the Cheirolepidiaceae family ocurred. The qualitative and quantitative analysis pointed out an Upper Aptian-Lower Albian age for the studied outcrops. The studied palynoflora presents similarities with ones from the southwestern zone of the Iberian Range, Betic Range and portuguese regions of Beira Litoral and Estremadura. This study is one of the first palynological contributions in Lower Cretaceous from Vasco-Cantabrian Basin.

Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Álava, quien además de la subvención, contrató temporalmente a L. ELORZA para la consecución de un proyecto de investigación sobre Paleobotánica.

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Spain
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Keywords

Tafonomía, Vasco-Cantabrian Basin., Bioestratigrafía, Biostratigraphy, 2416 Paleontología, Cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica, Palynology, Paleobiogeography, Paleontología, Vasco-Cantabrian Basin, Paleoecología, Paleobiogeografía, Taphonomy, 551.763(460-17), Lower Cretaceous, Cretácico Inferior, Palinología, Paleoecology, 561(460-17)

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