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Soil changes associated to the decline of Q.suber trees generate negative effects on conspecific seedlings

Authors: Domínguez-Begines, Jara; Gómez Aparicio, Lorena; Ávila Castuera, José M.; Pozuelos Rojas, Ana; Sánchez Hernández, Mª Esperanza; García, Luis V.;

Soil changes associated to the decline of Q.suber trees generate negative effects on conspecific seedlings

Abstract

[FR]: Les plantes peuvent modifier les propriétés biotiques ou abiotiques du sol, avec des implications pour la croissance et la survie de la communauté végétale. Ces mécanismes de rétroaction plantes-sol pourraient jouer un rôle important dans la détermination de l'abondance et de la coexistence des espèces dans les communautés végétales. Nous avons évalué l'existence de mécanismes de rétroaction plantes-sol dans deux forêts dépérissantes de Quercus suber au sud de l'Espagne: un bois ouvert avec une grande abondance de Phytophthora cinnamomi et une forêt dense avec une faible abondance de P. cinnamomi. Une expérience en serre a été réalisée avec des glands de Q. suber semés dans des pots avec des sols prélevés sous des Q. suber adultes des trois catégories: sains, défoliés et morts. La moitié des sols a été stérilisée pour distinguer les effets abiotiques des biotiques sur la performance des semis. Après 4 mois, nous avons mesuré la biomasse sèche des pousses et des racines de tous les plants. Dans le bois ouvert la croissance des semis n'a pas varié selon le type de sol. Cependant, elle a élé favorisée par la stérilisation, ce qui suggère l'existence d'un effet net négatif de la communauté pathogène du sol sur la croissance des semis. Dans la forêt dense, la croissance des plants dans les sols sous les arbres morts était plus faible que dans les sols sous les arbres sains. La stérilisation n'a pas affecté la croissance des semis sur ce sol, ce qui suggère que les effets ont été principalement abiotiques. Nos résultats ont révélé que le dépérisement et la mortalité de Q. suber induisent des changements biotiques et abiotiques du sol qui diminuent la croissance des plants co-spécifiques. Ces changements pourraient impliquer un désavantage pour cette espèce, avec des conséquences négatives pour maintenir son abondance.

[EN]: Plant species can change biotic or abiotic soil properties with implications in growth and survival for the plant community. These plant-soil feedback processes could play an important role in determining the abundance and coexistence of species in plant communities. We evaluated the existence of plant-soil feedback processes in two declining Quercus suber forests at SW Spain: open woodland with high abundance of the pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi, and a closed forest with low P. cinnamomi abundance. A greenhouse experiment was conducted by sowing Q. suber acorns in pots with soils collected under adults Q. suber of three health categories: healthy, defoliated, and dead. Half of the soils were sterilized to separate abiotic from biotic effects on seedling performance. After 4 months, we measured shoot and root dry biomass in all the seedlings. In the open woodland, seedling growth did not vary among soil types. However, it was positively affected by sterilization, suggesting the existence of a net negative effect of soil pathogen community on seedling growth. In the closed forest, seedling growth in soils under dead trees was much lower than in soils under healthy trees. Sterilization did not affect seedling growth at this site, suggesting that soils effects were mainly abiotic. Overall, our results revealed that the decline and mortality of Q. suber trees induce biotic and abiotic soil changes that decrease the growth of conspecific seedlings. These changes could imply a competitive disadvantage for this species, with negative consequences for the maintenance of its abundance.

Trabajo presentado al citado Congreso, celebrado del 8-11 octubre 2013, en Domaine de Bousquety Belambra, L'Isle-sur-la-Sorgue (Vaucluse), Francia. Los autores pertenecen al Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC)y al Departamento de Agronomía, Patología Agroforestal de la Universidad de Córdoba, España.

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Spain
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Keywords

Croissance des semis, Dépérissement, Phytophora cinnamomi, Quercus decline, Rétroaction plantes-sol, Plant-soil feddback, Seddling growth

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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