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Evaluation of the toxicity of an oil spill conducted through bioassays using the fish Solea senegalensis

Authors: Salamanca, M. José; Jiménez-Tenorio, Natalia; González de Canales, María Luisa; Del Valls, T. A.;

Evaluation of the toxicity of an oil spill conducted through bioassays using the fish Solea senegalensis

Abstract

[ES] Se evaluó la toxicidad que producen los contaminantes presentes en un fuel mediante un bioensayo con el pez plano Solea senegalensis (lenguado). Se expusieron juveniles de esta especie durante 21 días a distintas diluciones realizadas mezclando fuel extraído del buque Prestige y un sedimento procedente de una zona limpia de la Bahía de Cádiz. Tras la exposición se analizaron tres biomarcadores de exposición (actividad enzimática de 7-etoxiresorufin-O-deetilasa [EROD], glutatión S-transferasa [GST] y glutatión reductasa [GR]) junto a la histopatología de dos de los principales órganos diana (branquias e hígado). Los resultados obtenidos mostraron inducciones significativas (P < 0.05) en los biomarcadores de exposición analizados en los peces el día 21 respecto del control del día 0 en los peces. Asimismo, se detectaron lesiones en los dos órganos estudiados. El órgano más afectado fue el hígado. La frecuencia de aparición de lesiones fue mayor en las muestras con mayores concentraciones de hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos (PAHs, por sus siglas en inglés) y metales. Los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo mostraron correlaciones significativas entre las concentraciones de PAHs totales y la actividad enzimática EROD, GST y GR, obteniéndose coeficientes de correlación de R = 0.60 para EROD, R = 0.96 para GST y R = 0.82 para GR. Palabras clave: bioensayo, biomarcadores, ecotoxicología, fuel, lenguado, sedimento.

[EN] The toxicity produced by fuel pollutants was evaluated through bioassays using the Senegalese sole Solea senegalensis. Juveniles were exposed for 21 days to different dilutions obtained by mixing fuel extracted from the Prestige oil tanker and sediment from a clean area of Cádiz Bay. After the exposure period, three biomarkers were analyzed (7-ethoxyresorufin-Odeethylase [EROD], glutathione S-transferase [GST], and glutathione reductase [GR] enzymatic activity), as well as the histopathology of two of the main target organs (gills and liver). Significant (P < 0.05) biomarker inductions were observed in the exposed fish analyzed on day 21 relative to the control group (day zero). Lesions were detected in both organs studied, but the liver was the most affected. The frequency of appearance of the lesions was greater in the samples containing higher concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals. The results showed significant correlations between the total PAH concentrations and GST, GR, and EROD enzymatic activity, with correlation coefficients of R = 0.96 for GST, R = 0.82 for GR, and R = 0.60 for EROD.

Este trabajo se realizó dentro del proyecto de investigación financiado por el Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia de España VEM2003-20563/INTER y CTM2005-07282-C03-01/TECNO.

10 páginas, 2 figuras, 3 tablas.

Peer reviewed

Keywords

Biomarcadores, Ecotoxicología, Sedimento, Lenguado, Sole, Bioassay, Sediment, Ecotoxicology, Fuel, Bioensayos, Biomarkers

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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