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Gérontologie et société
Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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Annoncer la mort des aînés

Une analyse textuelle des avis de décès en Suisse
Authors: Nicolet, Marthe; Oris, Michel;

Annoncer la mort des aînés

Abstract

Cet article explore les représentations de la mort des personnes âgées à partir des avis de décès de 3 160 personnes de 65 ans et plus publiés dans deux quotidiens de Suisse romande, l’un ancré dans un milieu urbain et plutôt calviniste (Genève) et l’autre dans un contexte plus rural et plutôt catholique (Valais). Les avis ne se contentent plus d’annoncer le décès, mais se sont enrichis depuis 1950. En parlant de la mort et du défunt, ils nous révèlent les normes sociales véhiculées par les familles sur le décès de leur proche âgé. À travers l’emploi de la statistique textuelle, en particulier la classification hiérarchique descendante (logiciel Iramuteq), nos analyses révèlent des représentations du mourir vieux qui diffèrent, de manière plus ou moins sensible, en fonction de l’âge, du sexe, de la religion et du lieu de décès. C’est une vision plurielle qui ressort, allant au-delà d’une simple opposition entre la bonne et la mauvaise mort. Le critère d’âge se révèle important, rappelant la distinction que l’on retrouve dans la vieillesse entre 3 e et 4 e âge. Car ressort la perception d’un âge injuste et d’un âge normal pour mourir. Les avis documentent la mise en place d’un vocabulaire associant la mort dans le 3 e âge au combat contre la maladie, justifiant un départ trop précoce. À l’inverse, lorsque le défunt s’en va à 85 ans ou au-delà, le vocabulaire emprunte des figures et métaphores au champ lexical du sommeil : s’endormir, s’endormir paisiblement.

Country
Switzerland
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Keywords

Dying, Représentation sociale, 304.6/305.3/306, Death notices, Social representations, 618.97, Avis de décès, Statistique textuelle, Textual analysis, Suisse, Switzerland, Mourir, ddc: ddc:304.6/305.3/306, ddc: ddc:618.97

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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