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Direct Collocation Methods for Trajectory Optimization in Constrained Robotic Systems

Authors: Ricard Bordalba; Tobias Schoels; Lluís Ros; Josep M. Porta; Moritz Diehl;

Direct Collocation Methods for Trajectory Optimization in Constrained Robotic Systems

Abstract

Direct collocation methods are powerful tools to solve trajectory optimization problems in robotics. While their resulting trajectories tend to be dynamically accurate, they may also present large kinematic errors in the case of constrained mechanical systems, i.e., those whose state coordinates are subject to holonomic or nonholonomic constraints, like loop-closure or rolling-contact constraints. These constraints confine the robot trajectories to an implicitly-defined manifold, which complicates the computation of accurate solutions. Discretization errors inherent to the transcription of the problem easily make the trajectories drift away from this manifold, which results in physically inconsistent motions that are difficult to track with a controller. This paper reviews existing methods to deal with this problem and proposes new ones to overcome their limitations. Current approaches either disregard the kinematic constraints (which leads to drift accumulation) or modify the system dynamics to keep the trajectory close to the manifold (which adds artificial forces or energy dissipation to the system). The methods we propose, in contrast, achieve full drift elimination on the discrete trajectory, or even along the continuous one, without artificial modifications of the system dynamics. We illustrate and compare the methods using various examples of different complexity.

Countries
Germany, Spain
Keywords

FOS: Computer and information sciences, Drift, Constrained system, Nonholonomic constraints, Computer Science - Robotics, Local coordintes, Projection, Basic, Direct collocation, Holono- mic constraints, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Informàtica::Robòtica, Classificació INSPEC::Optimisation, 600, Manifold, 620, Holonomic, Local coordinates, Trajectory optimization, PKT, Baumgarte, Motion planning, Robots, Robotics (cs.RO), Nonholonomic

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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