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handle: 10261/28254
[ES] El impacto mecánico y la baja salinidad del agua de lluvia pueden promover la dispersión física y química del suelo y su encostramiento o sellado superficial. El objetivo de este trabajo es cuantificar la reducción de este sellado promovida por la adición superficial de 5 t ha-1 de las enmiendas yeso (Y) o fosfoyeso (FY) en muestras alteradas de cinco suelos, acolchados y desnudos, de Monegros II (Huesca) regados con agua desionizada en un simulador de lluvia. El efecto beneficioso del Y y FY sobre la tasa de infiltración final (if) media de estos suelos es similar (valores no significativameatc diferentes a a <0,05). La If media de los suelos acolchados y enmendados (17,9 mm h-1 es tres veces superior a la If media de los suelos acolchados y sin enmeadar (5,7 mm h-1), mientras que la If media de los suelos desnudos y enmendados (11,0 mm fr’) es dos veces superior a IaI media de los suelos desnudos y sin enmendar (5,5 mm h-1. Respecto al control de la erosión, se concluye que el acolchado es más eficaz que el enmendado, de tal manera que la erosión media de los suelos acolchados obtenida en tres riegos consecutivos es en torno a 3,0 veces inferior a la de los suelos desnudos, mientras que la erosión media obtenida en los suelos enmendados con yeso es en torno a 1,5 veces inferior a la de los suelos no enmendados. La aplicación conjunta del acolchado y del yeso o fosfoyeso minimiza la erosión del suelo y maximiza la infiltración del agua, mejorando la conservación de los suelos y el aprovechamiento del agua de lluvia por los cultivos de secano sujetos en esta zona a severos déficits hídricos.
[EN] The mechanical impact and the low salinity of rainwater may promote the soil's physical and chemical dispersion and its crusting or surface sealing. Tbe objective of this work is to quantify thee seal's reduction promoted by the surface application of 5 t ha-1 of the amendments gypsum (G) or phosphogypsum (PG) in disturbed samples of five bare and mulched soils of Monegros II (Huesca, Spain) irrigated with deionized water by means of a rain simulator. The beneficial effect of G and PG 0n the average final infiltration rate (if) of these solls is similar (values non-signiñcantly different at <0.05). The average If of the mulched, amended soils (17.9 mm h-1) is three times higher than that of the mulched, non-amended soils (5.7 mm h-1, whereas the average If of the bare, amended soils (11.0 mm h-1) is two times higher than that of the bare, non-amended soils (5.4mm h-1). In relation to erosion control, it is concluded that mulching is more effective than amending, so that the average erosion of the mulched soils obtained la three consecutive rains is around 3.0 times lower than that of bara soils, whereas the average erosion of the soils amended with gypsum is around 1.5 times lower than that of the non-amended soils. The joint application of mulching and gypsum or phosphogypsum minimizes soil erosion and maximizes water infiltration, promoting soil conservation and the use of rain water by the dryland crops of this area subjected to severe water deficits.
Trabajo financiado parcialmente por el proyecto INIA n° 9122.
16 Pag., 6 Tabl., 2 Fig.
Peer reviewed
Infiltration, Fosfoyeso, Yeso, Gypsum, Erosión, Erosion, Acolchado, Mulching, Simulador de lluvia, Rain simulator, Infiltración, Phosphogypsum
Infiltration, Fosfoyeso, Yeso, Gypsum, Erosión, Erosion, Acolchado, Mulching, Simulador de lluvia, Rain simulator, Infiltración, Phosphogypsum
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