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Caracterización hidroquímica de las aguas superficiales y subterráneas en la cuenca del Oja-Tirón. Procesos de contaminación

Authors: Martínez-Bastida, Juan José; Arauzo, Mercedes; Valladolid, María;

Caracterización hidroquímica de las aguas superficiales y subterráneas en la cuenca del Oja-Tirón. Procesos de contaminación

Abstract

Se ha llevado a cabo una amplia caracterización hidroquímica de las aguas superficiales y subterráneas en la cuenca del Oja-Tirón (La Rioja-Castilla y León, España), territorio donde el uso principal del suelo es la agricultura intensiva de regadío. Se ha establecido una red de 28 pozos, situados en los acuíferos aluviales del Oja y el Tirón, y 10 estaciones fluviales, en los ríos Oja, Tirón y Zamaca, y se han llevado a cabo un total de 11 campañas de muestreo de 2003 a 2005, con frecuencia estacional. En la zona media y baja del Aluvial del Tirón y en el sector noroeste del Aluvial del Oja las aguas presentan una elevada dureza y una composición de tipo sulfatada cálcica, como consecuencia del entorno litológico de facies yesíferas y margosas. En el resto del Aluvial del Oja, la composición es de tipo mixto y bicarbonatada cálcica. Se observa la existencia de un problema de contaminación difusa de los recursos hídricos debido a la lixiviación de nitrato procedente de las prácticas de fertilización agrícola en amplias zonas del Aluvial del Oja y el Aluvial del Tirón. Asimismo, se han detectado elevadas concentraciones de cromo hexavalente en algunos puntos del Aluvial del Oja y en el efluente residual de Santurde, localidad donde existe una curtiduría cuyos vertidos podrían generar un riesgo para la salud, debido a la gran movilidad del cromo hexavalente y su elevada toxicidad.

A large hidrochemical characterization of the superficial and underground waters has been carried out in the Oja-Tiron basin (La Rioja-Castilla and León, Spain), a territory where the intensive irrigated agriculture is the land's principal use. A net of 28 wells has been established, located in the alluvial aquifers of the Oja and the Tirón, as well as 10 river stations, in the Oja, Tirón and Zamaca rivers. A total of 11 sampling campaigns with seasonal frecuency has been carried out from 2003 to 2005. In the middle and lower zones of the Tiron aquifer and the North West side of the Oja aquifer the waters present elevated hardness and a calcium sulphate composition, as a consequence of the lithological surroundings with gypsum and loamy facies. In the rest of the Oja aquifer, the composition is mixed and calcium bicarbonated. The existence of a problem of diffuse pollution of the water resources was observed as a consequence of nitrate leaching from agricultural fertilizers in large zones of the Oja and Tiron aquifers. Also, high levels of hexavalent chromium have been detected in some points of the Oja aquifer and the wastewater effluent of Santurde, where a tannery is located whose wastes could produce a human health risk due to the high mobility and toxicity of the hexavalent chromium.

Country
Spain
Keywords

Chromium, Water resources, Alluvial aquifers, Nitrato, Diffuse pollution, Hexavalent chromium, Nitrate, Agricultura intensiva, Cromo hexavalente, Water supply, Crom hexavalent, Abastiment d'aigua, Acuíferos aluviales, Contaminación difusa, Hexavalent, Recursos hídricos, Abastecimiento de agua, Intensive agriculture, Nitrat, Recursos hídrics, Aqüífers aluvials, Contaminació difusa

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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