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Algunas reflexiones sobre literatura e historia

Authors: Dante Liano;

Algunas reflexiones sobre literatura e historia

Abstract

[ES] Si se parte de la observación de que sea la literatura que la historia comparten, como método expositivo, el mismo idioma, entonces se puede plantear la cuestión de la relación entre la lengua y la realidad. Otro punto de partida es la proposición de la existencia de una realidad objetiva, fuera del lenguaje y a la que el lenguaje nombre. Dadas estas dos proposiciones, la primera reflexión nos lleva a aquellas expresiones literarias que plantean la duda sobre la percepción de la realidad, por ejemplo, el apólogo de ChuangTzu. También, a las conocidas tesis de Lacan, retomadas por Žižek, según las cuales la única manera que tiene el paciente de referir la realidad es el lenguaje, y el único modo que tiene el analista para trabajar con el paciente es el discurso. Ello nos lleva a una cuestión crucial de la historiografía: si la literatura puede recurrir ampliamente a la fantasía y tratar de transformarla en realidad a través del pacto narrativo de la verosimilitud, la ciencia de la historia tiene que demostrar la veracidad de sus afirmaciones. En ambos casos, el instrumento es el lenguaje. Siendo común el instrumento, son comunes también muchos recursos. Dos ejemplos nos muestran el origen histórico de un relato de Borges y el episodio del cautivo, en Cervantes.

[EN] If we start from the observation that literature and history shares, as an expository method, the same language, then the question of the relationship between language and reality can be raised. Another point of departure is the proposition of the existence of an objective reality, outside language and which language names. Given these two propositions, the first reflection leads us to those literary expressions that raise the question of the perception of reality, for example, the apologue of Chuang-Tzu. Also, to Lacan’s well-known theses, taken up by Zizek, according to which the only way the patient has to refer to reality is through language, and the only way the analyst has to work with the patient is through discourse. This leads us to a crucial question in historiography: if literature can make extensive use of fantasy and try to transform it into reality through the narrative pact of verisimilitude, the science of history has to prove the veracity of its claims. In both cases, the instrument is language. The instrument being common, many resources are also common. Two examples show us the historical origin of a story by Borges and the episode of the captive, in Cervantes.

Este artículo forma parte del proyecto “Connected Worlds: the Caribbean, Origin of Modern World” financiado por el programa de investigación e innovación de la Unión Europea Horizon 2020 (Maria Sklodowska Curie Grant Agreement nº 823846).

Peer reviewed

Countries
Italy, Spain
Keywords

History, Veracidad, Reality, Literature, Verisimilitude, Realidad, Verosimilitud, Literatura, Veracity, veracidad, Historia

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green