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Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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Factors Affecting Differential Underestimates of Bird Collision Fatalities at Electric Lines: A Case Study in the Canary Islands

Authors: Gómez-Catasús, Julia; Carrascal, Luis M.; Moraleda, Virginia; Colsa, José; Garces, Fernando; Schuster, Claudia;

Factors Affecting Differential Underestimates of Bird Collision Fatalities at Electric Lines: A Case Study in the Canary Islands

Abstract

[ES] El conteo de cadáveres infravalora la tasa de colisión de aves debido a tres fuentes de sesgo: detección imperfecta, retirada de cadáveres por carroñeros y dispersión de cadáveres fuera de la zona de muestreo. En este trabajo se evalúan estas fuentes de sesgo en tendidos eléctricos de dos islas Canarias, Lanzarote y Fuerteventura, y se cuantifican los factores que les afectan. Además, se lleva acabo un análisis de costo-efectividad en la búsqueda de cadáveres perpendicularmente al eje de los tendidos. Se muestrearon 230 km de tres tipos de tendidos eléctricos(alta tensión, media tensión y tendidos telefónicos) en tres temporadas (julio 2015, noviembre-diciembre 2015 y marzo 2016) y para cada colisión (N = 431) se identificó la especie y se registró la distancia del cadáver al tendido, altura media delos cables, distancia de detección del cadáver y el estado de degradación. Además, se llevó a cabo un experimento para estimar la tasa de desaparición por carroñeros. Se ajustó un modelo generalizado de mínimos cuadrados para analizarla distancia de dispersión de los cadáveres frente a la masa corporal, altura media de los cables y tipología de línea. En segundo lugar, se aplicaron funciones de detección para estimar la detectabilidad de los cadáveres incorporando la masa corporal, el grado de descomposición y la estructura del hábitat como covariables. Por último, se ajustó un modelo mixto generalizado para analizar la tasa de desaparición de cadáveres con relación al tiempo transcurrido desde la colocación del cadáver, su tamaño, la temporada y la isla. la distancia de dispersión disminuyó con la masa corporal e incrementó con la altura de los cables, siendo mayor en las líneas de alta tensión. la probabilidad de detección fue de 0,134, incrementándose con la masa corporal y disminuyendo con el estado de descomposición-degradación, y fue menor en zonas rocosas que imponen dificultades para caminar.la tasa de desaparición de cadáveres difirió entre islas debido probablemente a la abundancia de carro-ñeros, se incrementó con el tiempo y disminuyó con el tamaño corporal. Este trabajo proporciona factores de corrección para obtener estimas fiables de la tasa de mortalidad de aves en paisajes con escasa vegetación. Además, identifica una distancia umbral de 27 metros donde se alcanzan los valores máximos de coste-efectividad en la búsqueda de cadáveres.—Gómez-Catasús, J., Carrascal, l. M., Moraleda, v., Colsa, J., Garcés, F. y Schuster, C. (2021).Factores que afectan a la subestimación diferencial de las colisiones de aves con líneas eléctricas: un caso de estudio en las islas Canarias.

[EN] Carcass counts notably underestimate avian collision rates due to three main biassources: imperfect detection, carcass removal by scavengers and carcass dispersion in unsearched areas. We assessed these sources of bias at electric lines of two Canary Islands, lanzarote and Fuerteventura, quantifying the factors influencing them. We also carried out a cost-effectiveness assessment of carcasssearch done perpendicularly to electric line axis. We surveyed 230km of three types of electric lines (high-voltage, medium voltage and telephone lines) during three periods (July 2015, November-December 2015 and March 2016) searching for collision fatalities (N = 431), recording the species, thecarcass distance from the electric line, mean cable height, carcass detection distance and decompositionstate. In addition, we carried out a disappearance rate experiment to estimate carcass removal byscavengers. A generalised least squares model was used to analyse dispersion distance of carcass fromelectric lines, in relation to species body mass, mean cable height and line typology. Detection probability functions were fitted to estimate carcass detectability, incorporating body mass, decompositionstate and habitat structure as covariates. A Generalised Mixed-Effects model was carried out to analysecarcass disappearance in relation to time elapsed since carcass placement,carcass size,season andisland. Dispersion distance decreased with body mass and increased with cable height, being further at high-voltage lines. Overall, detection probability was 0.134, increasing with carcass size, decreasingwith decomposition state and being lower in rocky areas which offered a significant challenge whenwalking through rough terrain. Disappearance rates differed between islands probably due to differencesin avian scavenger abundance, increased with time elapsed and decreased with bird size.This studyprovides correction factors to obtain unbiased estimates of avian mortality rates within sparsely vege-tated landscapes. Moreover, it identifies a 27m threshold distance at which the cost-effectiveness ofsearching for carcasses is optimised.—Gómez-Catasús, J., Carrascal, l.M., Moraleda, v., Colsa, J.,Garcés, F. & Schuster, C. (2021). Factors affecting differential underestimates of bird collision fatalities at electric lines: a case study in the Canary Islands.

This study was supported by Red Eléctrica de España S.A.U.

Peer reviewed

Keywords

Detectability, Disappearance rates, Decomposition rates, Avian carcasses, Collisions at electric lines, Canary Islands, Cost-effectiveness assessment

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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