Counting latrines is a standard method to estimate European wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) abundance. This method plays an important role in endangered predators’ conservation programs in the Iberian Peninsula, especially in potential reintroduction areas for the Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus). However, since the last half-century, rabbit populations have declined dramatically within their native range, mainly due to the effect of two viral diseases, which have caused even local extinctions of natural populations. Hence, we raise the question regarding how reliable the method of counting latrines may be in ensuring the abundance of rabbit populations after an event of sudden decline or even local extinction. To answer this question, we carry out a simple experiment where we set ten lines with rabbit latrines with two different sizes each (small and large) and simulated low- and high-abundant rabbit population scenarios on five latrine lines each, respectively.