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Explorando los sesgos en las cronologías radiocarbónicas. La transición mesolítico-neolítico a la luz de la base de datos de radiocarbono de la prehistoria reciente ibérica de Antonio Gilman

Authors: Vicent García, Juan Manuel; Uriarte González, Antonio; Fernández Freire, Carlos; Díaz del Río, Pedro;

Explorando los sesgos en las cronologías radiocarbónicas. La transición mesolítico-neolítico a la luz de la base de datos de radiocarbono de la prehistoria reciente ibérica de Antonio Gilman

Abstract

[ES] Entre las aportaciones del Prof. Antonio Gilman a la arqueología prehistórica, está la Base de Datos de Radiocarbono de la Prehistoria Reciente Ibérica (IDEArq-C14), fruto de su trabajo de recopilación crítica sistemática de dataciones radiocarbónicas de la Península Ibérica. Reúne más de 10 000, pertenecientes a más de 2000 yacimientos, con cronologías entre el Mesolítico y la Edad del Hierro. Esta información es accesible actualmente vía Internet, de acuerdo con un enfoque de datos abiertos, en la plataforma IDEArq, una infraestructura de datos espaciales para la publicación en línea de repertorios de datos arqueológicos georreferenciados, gestionada desde el Instituto de Historia del CSIC. En este trabajo, se presenta este conjunto de datos y se propone su aplicación a la evaluación de los sesgos debidos a las variaciones regionales en la intensidad de la investigación, un problema puesto de manifiesto en recientes debates interpretativos. Esta aplicación se ejemplifica con la discusión del problema de la posible existencia de «vacíos poblacionales» durante la transición Mesolítico-Neolítico, una cuestión clave en los debates sobre el proceso de neolitización de Iberia. Mediante el análisis de la distribución espacial y cronológica de las dataciones, se evalúa la posibilidad de que estos «vacíos» se deban a sesgos regionales en la investigación.

[EN] One of the contributions of Antonio Gilman to Prehistoric Archaeology is the Iberian Late Prehistory Radiocarbon Database (IDEArq-C14), a result of a systematic critical collection of archaeological radiocarbon dates in Iberia. It gathers over 10,000 dates from more than 2000 archaeological sites, mainly of Mesolithic to Iron Age chronologies. Nowadays, this information is freely accessible via the Internet, in accordance with an open data paradigm, through the IDEArq platform, a spatial data infrastructure for the online publication of repertories of georeferenced archaeological information, hosted by the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). In this paper, we present the dataset and propose its use in the evaluation of biases produced by regional variations in research intensity, a problem brought out in recent interpretative debates. This application is illustrated by the discussion of the issue of potential “demographic holes” during the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition, a crucial question in the debates about the neolithisation process in Iberia. By analysing the spatial and chronological distribution of radiocarbon dates, we evaluate the likelihood that these vacuums are due to regional research biases.

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Keywords

Infraestructuras de Datos Espaciales, Spatial Data Infrastructures, Prehistory, Mesolítico, Neolithi, Península Ibérica, Radiocarbon, Neolítico, Radiocarbono, Iberia, Radiocarbono, Península Ibérica, Infraestructuras de Datos Espaciales, Mesolítico, Neolítico, Spatial data infrastructures, Neolithic, Mesolithic

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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