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Melittobiaparasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in the Iberian Peninsula: new data on distribution, biology and morphology

Authors: Daniel Parejo-Pulido; Jaime García-Gila; Javier Blasco-Aróstegui; Carlos Mora-Rubio; Jorge M. González; Carlo Polidori;

Melittobiaparasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in the Iberian Peninsula: new data on distribution, biology and morphology

Abstract

[FR]: La plupart des données sur les parasitoïdes du genre Melittobia (Hymenoptera : Eulophidae) en Europe, où seule l’espèce indigène M. acasta (Walker, 1839) et l’espèce exogène M. australica Girault, 1912 sont présentes, proviennent d’études menées dans les parties centrales et septentrionales du continent. Dans la présente étude, nous fournissons de nouvelles informations sur les deux espèces dans la péninsule Ibérique. Nous avons obtenu M. acasta dans des nids de boue de Sceliphron destillatorium (Illiger, 1807) (Hymenoptera : Sphecidae), et à la fois M. australica et M. acasta dans des nids de Sceliphron spirifex (Linnaeus, 1758). Les signalements de Melittobia australica sont les premiers pour cette espèce allochtone dans la péninsule Ibérique, et le deuxième en Europe. Le taux de parasitisme (nombre de nids parasités/nombre total de nids collectés) a atteint près de 50% des nids pour M. australica et était beaucoup plus faible pour M. acasta (jusqu’à 6%). La probabilité de trouver M. australica dans un nid-hôte ne dépendait pas du nombre de cellules de couvain dans le nid, ce qui suggère que la taille du nid n’affecte pas le parasitisme. Les images au microscope électronique à balayage ont fourni de nouvelles informations sur la morphologie du système sensoriel antennaire des deux espèces. La spectroscopie à rayons X à dispersion d’énergie a révélé la présence de zinc dans les mandibules des deux espèces et chez les deux sexes, suggérant une adaptation à la sortie des nids des hôtes.

[EN]: Most data about parasitoids of the genus Melittobia (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in Europe, where only the native M. acasta (Walker, 1839) and the alien M. australica Girault, 1912 occur, come from studies carried out in the central-northern part of the continent. In the present study, we provide new information on both species in the Iberian Peninsula. We obtained M. acasta from mud nests of Sceliphron destillatorium (Illiger, 1807) (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) and both M. australica and M. acasta from nests of Sceliphron spirifex (Linnaeus, 1758). Melittobia australica records are the first for this allochthonous species in the Iberian Peninsula, which is the second record in Europe. Rate of parasitism (number of parasitized nests/total number of collected nests) reached almost 50% of nests for M. australica and was much lower for M. acasta (up to 6%). The probability of M. australica to be found in a host nest did not depend on the number of brood cells in the nest, suggesting that nest size does not affect parasitism. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images provided new information about the morphology of the antennal sensory system of both species. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) revealed the presence of Zn in the mandibles of both species and sexes, suggesting an adaptation to egress from host nests.

The study was funded by a SECTI post-doctoral contract from the Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (to CP) and a project from Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España) [CGL2017- 83046-P] (to CP).

Peer reviewed

Countries
Spain, Italy
Keywords

antennal sensilla; mandible; Melittobia acasta; Melittobia australica; parasitism; Sceliphron

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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