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Toward a Harmonized and Standardized Protocol for the Determination of Total Hydroxytyrosol and Tyrosol Content in Virgin Olive Oil (VOO). The Pros of a Fit for the Purpose Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) Procedure

Authors: Maria Z. Tsimidou; Nikolaos Nenadis; Aspasia Mastralexi; Maurizio Servili; Bojan Butinar; Stefania Vichi; Ole Winkelmann; +2 Authors

Toward a Harmonized and Standardized Protocol for the Determination of Total Hydroxytyrosol and Tyrosol Content in Virgin Olive Oil (VOO). The Pros of a Fit for the Purpose Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) Procedure

Abstract

Τoward a harmonized and standardized procedure for the determination of total hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol content in virgin olive oil (VOO), the pros of a recently published in house validated ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) protocol are discussed comparatively with those of other procedures that determine directly or indirectly the compounds hosted under the health claim on “olive oil polyphenols” (EC regulation 432/2012). Authentic VOOs were analyzed with five different liquid chromatographic separation protocols and 1H-NMR one in five different laboratories with expertise in VOO phenol analysis within three months. Data comparison indicated differences in absolute values. Method comparison using appropriate tools (Passing-Bablok regression and Bland Altman analyses) for all protocols vs. the UHPLC one indicated slight or statistically significant differences. The results were also discussed in terms of cost effectiveness, detection means, standard requirements and ways to calculate the total hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol content. Findings point out that the in-house validated fit for the purpose UHPLC protocol presents certain pros that should be exploited by the interested parties. These are the simplicity of sample preparation, fast elution time that increase the number of samples analyzed per day and integration of well-resolved peaks with the aid of only two commercially available external standards. Importance of correction factors in the calculations is stressed.

Countries
Spain, Italy
Keywords

Química dels aliments, LC-HRMS, Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Organic chemistry, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, HPLC-DAD, Article, QD241-441, 1H-NMR spectroscopy; European Commission Regulation 432/2012; Health claim; HPLC-DAD; Hydroxytyrosol; LC-HRMS; Standardization; Tyrosol; UHPLC-DAD; Virgin olive oil, Phenols, Virgin olive oil, Tyrosol, Hydroxytyrosol, Olive Oil, <sup>1</sup>H-NMR spectroscopy, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, standardization, Health claim, Normalització, Phenylethyl Alcohol, Reference Standards, UHPLC-DAD, Standardization, Oli d'oliva, virgin olive oil, European Commission Regulation 432/2012, Food composition, health claim, Fenols, hydroxytyrosol, Olive oil, tyrosol

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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