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handle: 10261/178317
[ES]: Los rompederos son lugares utilizados por Gypaetus barbatus para romper, preparar o almacenar los restos óseos. El diferente valor nutritivo de las diferentes partes anatómicas del esqueleto y de los huesos, y el hecho de que los huesos puedan permanecer meses sin ser consumidos, sugieren la posibilidad de que exista una explicación alternativa al almacenaje. En este artículo evalúo si la presencia de restos óseos en los rompederos puede ser resultado de una selección previa (hipótesis de la concentración de nutrientes) y si el rechazo de algunos restos óseos podría ser consecuencia de su escaso valor nutritivo. El 84.9% de los restos encontrados pertenecieron a ungulados de tamaño medio, el 11.6% a mamíferos de gran tamaño, el 2.5% a carnívoros y el 1% a Suidae. Los restos óseos encontrados fueron principalmente escápulas (14.9%), vértebras (13.2%), cráneos (12.5%), tibias (10.7%), mandíbulas (9.3%), costillas (8.3%) y húmeros (7.2%). La asociación negativa entre una mayor proporción de partes esqueléticas con menor contenido nutritivo (i.e., menor contenido de ácido oleico), así como la menor proporción significativa de epífisis distales (más nutritivas), apoyan la hipótesis de la selección nutritiva. Por otro lado, la escasa presencia de restos de grandes mamíferos y Suidae y la gran presencia de escápulas, vértebras y cráneos sugieren que la eficiencia en la manipulación también puede influir la selección de los huesos. La selección nutritiva de los huesos puede permitir a Gypaetus barbatus optimizar el esfuerzo parental de forrajeo y maximizar su adecuación biológica.
[EN]: Ossuaries, or bone-breaking sites, are used by Bearded Vultures (Gypaetus barbatus) to prepare and store bone remains. The different nutritive values of different parts of the skeleton and bones and the fact that many remains stay in the ossuary for long periods without being consumed suggest that they may have another use besides storage. I tested whether the presence of bone remains in ossuaries may result from selection ("nutrient concentration" hypothesis) and rejection of bone remains on the basis of nutritive value. Of the remains found at the study sites, 84.9% belonged to medium-sized ungulates, 11.6% to large mammals, 2.5% to carnivores, and 1% to Suidae. Bone remains found were principally scapulas (14.9%), vertebrae (13.2%), skulls (12.5%), tibias (10.7%), mandibles (9.3%), ribs (8.3%), and humeri (7.2%). The larger proportion of less-nutritious skeletal parts (i.e., containing less oleic acid) and the significantly smaller proportion of distal epiphyses, which are more nutritious, support the nutrient concentration hypothesis. On the other hand, the scarce presence of remains of large mammals and Suidae and the high presence of scapulae, vertebrae, and skulls suggest that handling efficiency can also influence food selection. Bone selection based on nutritive value may allow Bearded Vultures to optimize parental foraging effort and maximize fitness.
This work was financed by the Ministry of Environment and the Department of Environment and Habitat of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia.
Peer reviewed
Bone-breaking sites, Foraging theory, Bearded vulture, Gypaetus barbatus, Nutritive selection, Food preferences, Ossuaries
Bone-breaking sites, Foraging theory, Bearded vulture, Gypaetus barbatus, Nutritive selection, Food preferences, Ossuaries
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