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Docta Complutense
Article . 2016
Data sources: Docta Complutense
Journal of Iberian Geology
Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Strength of the Iberian intraplate lithosphere: Cenozoic deformations and seismicity

Authors: Martín-Velázquez, S.; Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo De; Gómez-Ortiz, D.; Elorza, F.J.;

Strength of the Iberian intraplate lithosphere: Cenozoic deformations and seismicity

Abstract

[ES] Los estudios previos sobre resistencia de la litosfera en el centro de Iberia no logran resolver la profundidad de los terremotos debido a las incertidumbres reológicas. Por eso, en este trabajo se han considerado nuevas contribuciones (estructura cortical obtenida de un modelo de densidad) y se han comprobado varios parámetros (régimen tectónico, reología del manto, tasa de deformación) para examinar adecuadamente el papel de la resistencia de la litosfera en la sismicidad intraplaca y en la evolución Cenozoica. Mediante una modelización de elementos finitos, se ha calculado la distribución de la resistencia con la profundidad, la resistencia integrada, el espesor elástico efectivo y el espesor sismogénico en una sección litosférica que atraviesa la cadena montañosa del Sistema Central y las cuencas sedimentarias del Duero y Madrid. Sólo un manto seco en desgarre/extensión y una tasa de deformación de 10-15 s-1, o bajo extensión y 10-16 s-1, origina una litosfera resistente. La resistencia integrada y el espesor elástico son más bajos en el sistema montañoso que en las cuencas. Estas anisotropías se han mantenido desde el Cenozoico y determinan el levantamiento de la cadena y el plegamiento biarmónico de la litosfera Ibérica durante las deformaciones alpinas. El espesor sismogénico limita la actividad sísmica en la corteza superior-media, y la disminución de la resistencia cortical desde la Cuenca del Duero hacia la Cuenca de Madrid está relacionada con un aumento paralelo de las deformaciones Plio-Cuaternarias y de la sismicidad. Sin embargo, la modelización elastoplástica muestra que la convergencia Eurasiática-Africana actual se resuelve de forma elástica o dúctil, lo que explica la baja sismicidad registrada en esta región.

[EN] Previous studies about the strength of the lithosphere in the center of Iberia fail to resolve the depth of earthquakes because of the rheological uncertainties. Therefore, new contributions are considered (the crustal structure from a density model) and several parameters (tectonic regime, mantle rheology, strain rate) are checked in this paper to properly examine the role of lithospheric strength in the intraplate seismicity and the Cenozoic evolution. The strength distribution with depth, the integrated strength, the effective elastic thickness and the seismogenic thickness have been calculated by a finite element modelling of the lithosphere across the Central System mountain range and the bordering Duero and Madrid sedimentary basins. Only a dry mantle under strike-slip/extension and a strain rate of 10-15 s-1, or under extension and 10-16 s-1, causes a strong lithosphere. The integrated strength and the elastic thickness are lower in the mountain chain than in the basins. This heterogeneity has been maintained since the Cenozoic and determine the mountain uplift and the biharmonic folding of the Iberian lithosphere during the Alpine deformations. The seismogenic thickness bounds the seismic activity in the upper–middle crust, and the decreasing crustal strength from the Duero Basin towards the Madrid Basin is related to a parallel increase in Plio–Quaternary deformations and seismicity. However, elasto–plastic modelling shows that current African–Eurasian convergence is resolved elastically or ductilely, which accounts for the low seismicity recorded in this region.

This research was partially supported by Consolider Ingenio 2006 Topo–Iberia CSD2006–00041

Peer reviewed

Country
Spain
Keywords

Seismogenic thickness, Espesor elástico efectivo, Espesor sismogénico, Geodinámica, Lithospheric strength, 2507 Geofísica, 551.24(460), (460)551.24, Finite element modelling, Resistencia litosférica, Effective elastic thickness, Iberia, Modelización de elementos finitos

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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