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handle: 10261/124326
[ES] En la presente comunicación exponemos una investigación exploratoria donde analizamos la superficie calcinada por los incendios forestales ocurridos desde 1975 a 2013 en la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía en relación con las variables explicativas y las características territoriales. Comenzamos, elaborando una base de datos espacial donde registramos la superficie quemada anualmente en el conjunto de la región. Realizamos una revisión de la literatura científica buscando los principales factores explicativos que intervienen en la distribución de los incendios forestales. Seleccionamos un conjunto de variables ambientales codificadas como coberturas cartográficas. Abordamos un análisis mediante tabulación cruzada relacionando la superficie quemada y las características territoriales, socioeconómicas y medioambientales. Finalmente, comparamos dos modelos causales para predecir la ocurrencia de incendios en el territorio andaluz: Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios (OLS) y Regresión Geográficamente Ponderada (GWR). Los resultados muestran que la mayor parte de los incendios incontrolados se produjeron en áreas forestales con matorral esclerófilo y formaciones boscosas de transición, zonas de baja-media montaña y pendientes moderadas-altas. Las provincias con la mayor superficie calcinada, tanto en distribución como en frecuencia, fueron
[EN] In this communication, we present an exploratory research analysing the characteristics of the areas burnt by wildfires in Andalusia from 1975 to 2013, in relation to different explanatory variables. Firstly, we developed a spatial database by recording the burnt areas in the whole region on an annual basis. Secondly, based on previous studies, we identified the main factors potentially involved in the distribution of forest fires. To do this, we selected a set of environmental variables that were coded as cartographic layers. Then, we performed a cross-tabulation analysis by relating the burnt areas to the environmental and territorial factors. Finally, we compared the ability of two different model-fitting approaches for predicting wildfire occurrence: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR). The results showed that most of wildfires in Andalusia occurred in shrublands and forests transitions, in low and middle mountain areas, and in areas with moderate to high slope. The provinces with the largest average burnt areas were Huelva and Malaga, which were also the provinces with the highest frequency of burnt areas. Regarding the model performance, GWR greatly improved model fit compared to OLS.
Número especial: Efectos de los incendios forestales sobre los suelos - Special issue: Wildfire effects on soils.-- Los trabajos publicados en este número especial han sido seleccionados de entre los presentados durante la VI Reunión Internacional de FUEGORED (FUEGORED2015), celebrada los días 18 a 21 de noviembre de 2015 en Málaga (España) - Papers published in this special issue have been selected from those presented at the VI International Meeting of FUEGORED (FUEGORED2015), held from 18 to 21 Novembre 2015 in Málaga (Spain).
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Incendios, Factores, Driving factors, Andalucía, SIG, GIS, GWR, Andalusia, Wildfires
Incendios, Factores, Driving factors, Andalucía, SIG, GIS, GWR, Andalusia, Wildfires
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