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Comparative Genomic and Phylogenetic Analyses of Gammaproteobacterial glg Genes Traced the Origin of the Escherichia coli Glycogen glgBXCAP Operon to the Last Common Ancestor of the Sister Orders Enterobacteriales and Pasteurellales

تتبعت التحليلات الجينية والتطور الوراثي المقارن لجينات Gammaproteobacterial glg أصل مشغل جليكوجين الإشريكية القولونية glgBXCAP إلى السلف المشترك الأخير للأختين Enterobacteriales و Pasteurellales
Authors: Goizeder Almagro; Alejandro M. Viale; Manuel Montero; Mehdi Rahimpour; Francisco José Muñoz; Edurne Baroja‐Fernández; Abdellatif Bahaji; +3 Authors

Comparative Genomic and Phylogenetic Analyses of Gammaproteobacterial glg Genes Traced the Origin of the Escherichia coli Glycogen glgBXCAP Operon to the Last Common Ancestor of the Sister Orders Enterobacteriales and Pasteurellales

Abstract

La production de polymères ramifiés de type α-glucane et glycogène est largement répandue dans le domaine des bactéries. La voie de synthèse et de dégradation du glycogène a été assez bien caractérisée chez l'espèce entérobactérienne modèle Escherichia coli (ordre Enterobacteriales, classe Gammaproteobacteria), dans laquelle les gènes apparentés (enzyme de branchement glgB, enzyme de débranchement glgX, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase glgC, glycogène synthase glgA et glycogène phosphorylase glgP) sont regroupés dans un arrangement d'opérons glgBXCAP. Cependant, l'origine évolutive de cet arrangement particulier et de ses gènes constitutifs est inconnue. Ici, en utilisant 265 génomes complets de gammaprotéobactéries, nous avons effectué une analyse comparative de la présence, du nombre de copies et de la disposition des gènes glg dans toutes les lignées des Gammaproteobactéries. Ces analyses ont révélé de grandes variations dans la présence du gène glg, le nombre de copies et les arrangements entre les différentes lignées gammaprotéobactériennes. Cependant, l'arrangement glgBXCAP a été remarquablement conservé chez toutes les espèces possédant des glg des ordres Enterobacteriales et Pasteurellales (le groupe E/P). Des analyses phylogénétiques ultérieures des gènes glg présents dans les Gammaproteobactéries et dans d'autres groupes bactériens principaux ont indiqué que les gènes glg ont subi une histoire évolutive complexe dans laquelle le transfert horizontal de gènes peut avoir joué un rôle important. Ces analyses ont également révélé que les gènes glgBXCAP E/P (a) partagent une origine évolutive commune, (b) ont été transmis verticalement au sein du groupe E/P, et (c) sont étroitement liés aux gènes glg de certaines espèces de bétaprotéobactéries phylogénétiquement éloignées. Les données globales ont permis de retracer l'origine de l'opéron glgBXCAP d'E. coli jusqu'au dernier ancêtre commun du groupe E/P, et également de découvrir un événement probable de transfert glgBXCAP du groupe E/P vers des lignées particulières des Bétaprotéobactéries.

La producción de α-glucano ramificado, polímeros similares al glucógeno está ampliamente extendida en el dominio de las bacterias. La vía de síntesis y degradación del glucógeno se ha caracterizado bastante bien en la especie enterobacteriana modelo Escherichia coli (orden Enterobacteriales, clase Gammaproteobacteria), en la que los genes afines (enzima ramificante glgB, enzima desramificante glgX, ADP-glucosa pirofosforilasa glgC, glucógeno sintasa glgA y glucógeno fosforilasa glgP) se agrupan en una disposición de operón glgBXCAP. Sin embargo, se desconoce el origen evolutivo de esta disposición particular y de sus genes constituyentes. Aquí, mediante el uso de 265 genomas gammaproteobacterianos completos, hemos llevado a cabo un análisis comparativo de la presencia, el número de copias y la disposición de los genes glg en todos los linajes de las Gammaproteobacterias. Estos análisis revelaron grandes variaciones en la presencia del gen glg, el número de copias y los arreglos entre diferentes linajes gammaproteobacterianos. Sin embargo, la disposición glgBXCAP se conservó notablemente en todas las especies que poseen glg de los órdenes Enterobacteriales y Pasteurellales (el grupo E/P). Los análisis filogenéticos posteriores de los genes glg presentes en las gammaproteobacterias y en otros grupos bacterianos principales indicaron que los genes glg han experimentado una historia evolutiva compleja en la que la transferencia horizontal de genes puede haber desempeñado un papel importante. Estos análisis también revelaron que los genes E/P glgBXCAP (a) comparten un origen evolutivo común, (b) se transmitieron verticalmente dentro del grupo E/P y (c) están estrechamente relacionados con los genes glg de algunas especies betaproteobacterianas filogenéticamente distantes. Los datos generales permitieron rastrear el origen del operón glgBXCAP de E. coli hasta el último ancestro común del grupo E/P, y también descubrir un probable evento de transferencia glgBXCAP del grupo E/P a linajes particulares de las Betaproteobacterias.

Production of branched α-glucan, glycogen-like polymers is widely spread in the Bacteria domain. The glycogen pathway of synthesis and degradation has been fairly well characterized in the model enterobacterial species Escherichia coli (order Enterobacteriales, class Gammaproteobacteria), in which the cognate genes (branching enzyme glgB, debranching enzyme glgX, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase glgC, glycogen synthase glgA, and glycogen phosphorylase glgP) are clustered in a glgBXCAP operon arrangement. However, the evolutionary origin of this particular arrangement and of its constituent genes is unknown. Here, by using 265 complete gammaproteobacterial genomes we have carried out a comparative analysis of the presence, copy number and arrangement of glg genes in all lineages of the Gammaproteobacteria. These analyses revealed large variations in glg gene presence, copy number and arrangements among different gammaproteobacterial lineages. However, the glgBXCAP arrangement was remarkably conserved in all glg-possessing species of the orders Enterobacteriales and Pasteurellales (the E/P group). Subsequent phylogenetic analyses of glg genes present in the Gammaproteobacteria and in other main bacterial groups indicated that glg genes have undergone a complex evolutionary history in which horizontal gene transfer may have played an important role. These analyses also revealed that the E/P glgBXCAP genes (a) share a common evolutionary origin, (b) were vertically transmitted within the E/P group, and (c) are closely related to glg genes of some phylogenetically distant betaproteobacterial species. The overall data allowed tracing the origin of the E. coli glgBXCAP operon to the last common ancestor of the E/P group, and also to uncover a likely glgBXCAP transfer event from the E/P group to particular lineages of the Betaproteobacteria.

ينتشر إنتاج البوليمرات الشبيهة بالجليكوجين α - glucan المتفرعة على نطاق واسع في مجال البكتيريا. تم تمييز مسار الجليكوجين للتخليق والتحلل بشكل جيد إلى حد ما في الأنواع المعوية المعوية الإشريكية القولونية (ترتيب البكتيريا المعوية، فئة Gammaproteobacteria)، حيث يتم تجميع الجينات المشابهة (الإنزيم المتفرع glgB، وإنزيم إزالة التفرع glgX، و ADP - glucose pyrophosphorylase glgC، و glycogen synthase glgA، و glycogen phosphorylase glgP) في ترتيب مشغل glgBXCAP. ومع ذلك، فإن الأصل التطوري لهذا الترتيب الخاص والجينات المكونة له غير معروف. هنا، باستخدام 265 جينوم بكتيري غامابي كامل، أجرينا تحليلًا مقارنًا لوجود جينات glg وعدد نسخها وترتيبها في جميع سلالات بكتيريا غامابروتي. كشفت هذه التحليلات عن اختلافات كبيرة في وجود جين glg، وعدد النسخ والترتيبات بين الأنساب البكتيرية المختلفة. ومع ذلك، تم الحفاظ على ترتيب glgBXCAP بشكل ملحوظ في جميع الأنواع التي تمتلك glg من الرتبتين Enterobacteriales و Pasteurellales (مجموعة E/P). أشارت التحليلات الوراثية اللاحقة لجينات glg الموجودة في بكتيريا Gammaproteobacteria وفي المجموعات البكتيرية الرئيسية الأخرى إلى أن جينات glg قد خضعت لتاريخ تطوري معقد ربما لعب فيه نقل الجينات الأفقي دورًا مهمًا. كشفت هذه التحليلات أيضًا أن جينات E/P glgBXCAP (أ) تشترك في أصل تطوري مشترك، (ب) تم نقلها عموديًا داخل مجموعة E/P، و (ج) ترتبط ارتباطًا وثيقًا بجينات glg لبعض أنواع البكتيريا البيتا بروتينية البعيدة وراثيًا. سمحت البيانات الإجمالية بتتبع أصل مشغل E. coli glgBXCAP إلى آخر سلف مشترك لمجموعة E/P، وأيضًا للكشف عن حدث نقل محتمل لـ glgBXCAP من مجموعة E/P إلى سلالات معينة من بكتيريا Betaproteobacteria.

Country
Spain
Keywords

glg genes, Science, glgBXCAP operon, Evolutionary biology, Gene, Amino acid sequence, Bacterial evolution, Evolution, Molecular, Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Operon, Genetics, Escherichia coli, RNA Sequencing Data Analysis, Molecular Biology, Biology, Phylogeny, Alphaproteobacteria, Phylogenetic analysis, Genome, Q, Probiotics and Prebiotics, R, Life Sciences, Bacterial Physiology and Genetics, Phylogenetic Analysis, Horizontal gene transfer, Genome evolution, Phylogenetics, glycogen, FOS: Biological sciences, Medicine, Pasteurellaceae, Glycogen, Gammaproteobacteria, Research Article, Food Science, Phylogenetic tree, 16S ribosomal RNA

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