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Efeitos de Programas de Pliometria e Carga Ótima de Trabalho em Jovens Jogadores de Futebol de Elite

Authors: Luís Filipe Lopes Teixeira;

Efeitos de Programas de Pliometria e Carga Ótima de Trabalho em Jovens Jogadores de Futebol de Elite

Abstract

O presente relatório de estágio profissionalizante realizou-se no âmbito do 2º Ciclo em Desporto para Crianças e Jovens da Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto, na equipa de Sub-19 do Sporting Clube de Braga, que participou no Campeonato Nacional de Juniores. A realização deste estágio permitiu conhecer e vivenciar a realidade do alto rendimento, nomeadamente ao nível do planeamento, operacionalização e controlo e avaliação do processo de treino. Desta forma, neste documento pretende-se, para além de relatar as experiências vivenciadas no clube, durante o período de estágio, analisar criticamente os processos de trabalho envolvidos. Além disso, procurou-se fundamentar o processo de trabalho com revisão bibliográfica que o corroborasse. O jogo é marcado por uma frequente exigência de esforços de alta intensidade e, por isso, considerou-se importante realizar neste estágio um estudo na área da otimização física. Procurou-se estudar dois modelos da otimização da força dos membros inferiores, o treino pliométrico e o treino com carga ótima, onde se observou e avaliou os efeitos dos programas na melhoria da velocidade, impulsão vertical e agilidade durante12 sessões de treino orientadas. Em ambos os programas de treino verificaram-se melhorias na impulsão vertical, ainda que o efeito positivo tenha sido moderado no CMJ (g= 0,94 no TP e g= 1.09 na COT). No SJ o programa de COT apresentou um efeito positivo grande (g= 1,4), enquanto o TP não demonstrou ser tão efetivo nas melhorias do desempenho deste teste, apresentando um efeito positivo moderado (g= 1,01). Ambos os grupos apresentaram efeitos positivos moderados no desenvolvimento da V 10M (g= -0,29 no TP e g= -0.37 na COT). Contudo, na V 30M a COT revelou-se ser mais eficaz, apresentando um efeito positivo moderado (g= -0,83), enquanto o TP teve melhorias de pequeno efeito (g= -0.23). Por fim, na agilidade, ambos os programas apresentaram um efeito moderado e positivo (g= -0,62 no TP e g= -1,11 na COT). Conclui-se que os dois modelos são permitiram melhorar o desempenho da impulsão vertical, da velocidade e da agilidade.

This professional internship report was held in the 2nd Cycle in Sport for Children and Young People in the Sports University of Porto, in the Sub-19 team of Sporting Clube de Braga, which participated in the National Juniors Championship. The accomplishment of this stage allowed us to understand and experience the reality of high performance, namely the planning, the operationalization and control and evaluation of the training process. This way, this essay intends, in addition to reporting the experiences of the club during the internship period, to critically analyze the work processes involved. In addition, it was tried to base the work process with bibliographical revision that corroborated it. The match is marked by a frequent demand for high-intensity efforts and, therefore, it was considered important to carry out, at this stage, a study in the area of physical optimization. We attempted to study two models of the optimization of lower limb strength, plyometric training and training with optimum power load, where we observed and evaluated the effects of the programs in improving speed, vertical impulsion and agility during twelve guided training sessions. In both training programs there were improvements in the vertical impulsion, with a moderate positive effect at CMJ (g = 0.94 at TP and g = 1.09 at TOC). In SJ, the TOC program had a large positive effect (g = 1.4), whereas TP was not as effective in improving the performance of this test, presenting a moderate positive effect (g = 1.01). Both groups had moderate positive effects on the development of V 10M (g = -0.29 on TP and g = -0.37 on TOC). However, in V 30M the TOC proved to be more effective, presenting a moderate positive effect (g = -0.83), while the TP had small effect improvements (g = -0.23). Finally, in agility, both programs presented a moderate and positive effect (g = -0.62 in TP and g = -1.11 in TOC). Was concluded that the two models allowed to improve the performance of vertical thrust, speed and agility.

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Portugal
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Keywords

Other social sciences, Outras ciências sociais, Ciências sociais::Outras ciências sociais, Social sciences::Other social sciences

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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