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Manejo agroecológico de plagas y enfermedades en la agricultura urbana. Estudio de caso ciudad de La Habana, Cuba

Authors: Vázquez Moreno, Luis L.; Fernández Gonzálvez, Emilio;

Manejo agroecológico de plagas y enfermedades en la agricultura urbana. Estudio de caso ciudad de La Habana, Cuba

Abstract

La agricultura urbana en Cuba se ha convertido en una importante fuente de producción de hortalizas y otros productos agrícolas frescos, que se realiza dentro de las ciudades y en su periferia, mediante diversos sistemas de cultivos conocidos como “organopónicos”, huertos intensivos y otros, donde no se permite el empleo de plaguicidas sintéticos para el control de las plagas. Se efectúa un estudio durante los años 2003-2005 en municipios y sistemas de producción representativos de los principales cultivos que se han desarrollado en la agricultura urbana y periurbana de la ciudad de La Habana, mediante un proceso de investigación participativa para caracterizar el manejo de plagas. Se comprueba que los agricultores han realizado innovaciones para adoptar diversas prácticas agroecológicas, principalmente el manejo de la diversidad fl orística, manejo agronómico de cultivos y control biológico, todas a nivel del sistema de producción, lo que le confi ere un enfoque de sistema. Se destacan por su aceptación por los agricultores las rotaciones y las asociaciones de cultivos, las barreras vivas de maíz y otras plantas, utilización de plantas repelentes, las cercas vivas perimetrales con diversos propósitos, el fomento de reservorios de enemigos naturales, las aplicaciones de bioplaguicidas y la elaboración para su aplicación de preparados botánicos, entre otras.

Abstract: The urban agriculture in Cuba has become an important source of production of vegetables and other fresh agricultural products that is carried out inside the cities and in its periphery, by means of diverse culture systems of well-known as “organopónicos” and other orchards, where the employment of synthetic pesticides is not allowed. A study was made during the years 2003-2005 in municipalities and representative production systems of the main horticultural crops, that have been developed in the urban and periurban agriculture of the Havana city, by means of a process of participative research to characterize the pest management. We provided that the farmers have carried out innovations to adopt diverse agroecological practices, mainly the management of the fl oristic diversity, agronomic management of cultivations and biological control, all at level of the production system, what confers a systemic focus. They stand out for their acceptance for the farmers the rotations and the associations of cultivations, the barriers of corn and other plants, use of repellent plants, the live enclosed in the periphery with diverse purposes, the development of natural enemies’ reservoirs, the biopesticides applications and the elaboration and application of botanical preparations, among others.

Country
Spain
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Keywords

CDU::6 - Ciencias aplicadas::63 - Agricultura. Silvicultura. Zootecnia. Caza. Pesca::633 - Cultivos y producciones, Agricultura urbana, Manejo agroecológico, Urban agriculture, Agroecological pest management

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green