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Teorías del desarrollo cognitivo y su aplicación educativa

Authors: Martín Bravo, Carlos;

Teorías del desarrollo cognitivo y su aplicación educativa

Abstract

Presentamos, en este artículo, tres autores (PASCUAL-LEONE, J. STERNBERG, R.J. y FEUERSTEIN R.) preocupados por la elaboración de teorías del desarrollo cognitivo que respondan a lo que en ámbito educativo resulta ser una demanda cada vez mayor. Nos referimos a la necesidad de construir, inicialmente, teorías del desarrollo cognitivo que incorporen aspectos como: "modificabilidad de la estructura cognitiva del sujeto", "reeducación de la inteligencia", "activación de esquemas", "interacción de componentes y metacomponentes". En primer lugar, veremos y analizaremos la "teoría de los Operadores Constructos" de PASCUAL- LEONE, J. que presentándose como altemativa a la obra de PIAGET, J., va a defender la necesidad de aunar "procesos" y "estructuras"; de este modo nos proporciona la ventaja de poder explicar el "paso a paso" en la resolución de problemas (por ejemplo, las dimensiones semánticas en la "conservación de la sustancia").En segundo lugar, presentamos a STERNBERG R.J., quien partiendo de la concepción psicométrica (1986) nos ofrece su "Teoría Triárquica de la Inteligencia", con la que pretende afrontar, no sólo el campo de la deficiencia mental y de la normalidad, sino también, la conducta de aquellos sujetos talentosos y/o superdotados. Por ŭltimo y en tercer lugar, analizaremos, brevemente, el concepto de inteligencia de FEUERSTEIN, R. Este autor parte de la tesis de que el ser humano tiene la posibilidad de "modificar su estructura cognitiva". No obstante y, a diferencia de los otros dos autores, presentamos brevemente, su Programa de Enriquecimiento Instrumental.

In this article, we present three authors (PASCUAL-LEONE, J., STERNBERG R.J. y FEUERSTEINR.) who are interested in the (processing) elaboration of the theories of cognitive development, which responde to the (greater) demand from educative enviroment. We refer to the necessity of constructing, initially, cognitive development theories that incorporate with aspects such as: "modificability of the subjects cognitive structure", "intellegence reeducation", "activation of outlines", "interaction of componentes and metacomponentes".First, we will view and analyse PASCUAL- LEONE 's "Teoría de los Operadores Constructos", that present it self as alternative to the work of PIAGET,J., is going to defend the necessity of joining "Processes" and "structures"; but this way it brings us the adventage of being able to explain "step by step" in the problems solving (e.g., the semantics dimensions in the "conservation of substance").Second, we present STERNBERG R.J. who shares the psychometric conception (1986) that offers ushis "theory triarchic intellegence", with it which attemps to face, not only in the sield of the mental deficiency and normality but the behavior of those gifted subjects. Finally, we will analyse briefly FEUERTEIN's concept of intellegence. This author shares the theses that the human beings have the posibility of "modifying their cognitive structure". Nevertheless, to the difference of the other two authors, we present briefly, his programme of instrumental enrichment.

Keywords

Theory Triarchic Intelligence, Teorías del Desarrollo Cognitivo, Theory of "Operadores Constructos", Teoría Triárquica de la Inteligencia, CDU::3 - Ciencias sociales::37 - Educación. Enseñanza. Formación. Tiempo libre, Teoría de los Operadores Constructos, Concepto de Inteligencia, Theories of Cognitive Development, Concept of Intelligence

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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