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"I'm not what you think I am": The power of threat and challenge responses to negative age-based meta-stereotypes on thriving at work and spillover effect

Authors: Oliveira, Sara Raquel Alves de;

"I'm not what you think I am": The power of threat and challenge responses to negative age-based meta-stereotypes on thriving at work and spillover effect

Abstract

A diversidade etária no trabalho já não é opcional ou um dever, mas necessária para o funcionamento económico das sociedades. No entanto, as atitudes negativas baseadas na idade (idadismo) persistem, com importantes consequências. Esta investigação é composta por dois estudos com objetivos distintos mas relacionados. O Estudo 1 visava identificar, numa amostra portuguesa (N=123), quais os estereótipos etários mais associados a cada grupo etário. Observou-se relutância em atribuir estereótipos negativos tanto a pessoas mais jovens como a mais velhas. O Estudo 2 visava avaliar consequências do idadismo para o alvo, nomeadamente a relação entre ativações de ameaça e de desafio, e o thriving no trabalho e spillover negativo, através de dados recolhidos diariamente via app. Os dados foram recolhidos durante sete dias de trabalho através dos telemóveis dos participantes (N=44, 301 observações). Embora não tenha existido variação ao longo do tempo, impedindo análises longitudinais, encontrou-se uma associação negativa entre ameaça e prosperidade, e uma associação negativa com o spillover. Análises adicionais salientaram mais-valia em separar as dimensões de thriving (aprendizagem e vitalidade). O desafio não foi um preditor de thriving ou spillover, ao contrário do esperado. Embora preliminares e limitadas, as conclusões do estudo podem servir de guia para estudos futuros, e para as organizações repensarem os benefícios da diversidade e conceberem processos mais inclusivos em termos etários. Globalmente, pretende sensibilizar para o tema do idadismo no trabalho e os seus potenciais efeitos nocivos, tanto no trabalho como fora dele.

Age diversity in the workplace is no longer an option or an ethical duty, but necessary for the economic functioning of societies. However, age-based negative attitudes (ageism) persist, with important consequences. This research is composed of two studies with distinct but related objectives. Study 1 aimed to identify, in a Portuguese sample (N=123), which age-based stereotypes are most associated with each age group. A reluctance to attribute negative stereotypes to both younger and older people was observed. Study 2 aimed to assess work-related consequences of ageism for the target, namely the relationship between the activation of age-based threat and challenge responses at work on thriving at work and negative spillover, through the longitudinal intensive daily diary methodology. Data were collected during seven workdays via participants' cellphones (N=44, 301 observations). Although no variation across time was found, hindering multilevel longitudinal analyses, a negative association between threat response and thriving at work was found, and a positive association with negative spillover. Additional analyses showcased value in considering thriving dimensions (learning and vitality) separately. Challenge was not a predictor of either thriving or spillover unlike expected. Although preliminary and limited, the findings of the study can serve as a guide for future studies, and for organizations to rethink the benefits of diversity and design more age-inclusive processes. Overall, it aims to bring awareness to the topic of workplace ageism and its potential harmful effects both at work and outside.

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Reactions to age-based meta-stereotypes, 3600, Meta-estereótipos etários, Daily diary studies, Spillover negativo, 3660, 3020, 3000, Ageism, Negative spillover, Age-based meta-stereotypes, 2900 Social processes and social issues, Thriving at work, 3600 Organizational psychology and human resources, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Sociais::Psicologia, Reações a meta-estereótipos etários, 2900, Idadismo, 3000 Social psychology

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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