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Ecosistemas
Article . 2007
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La diversidad de los agroecosistemas

Authors: Sans Serra, Francesc Xavier;

La diversidad de los agroecosistemas

Abstract

El artículo analiza el efecto de la intensificación de las actividades agrícolas sobre el funcionamiento de los agroecosistemas y destaca la necesidad de incorporar las bases científicas y los modelos de gestión de la agroecología que permitan armonizar la producción agraria, la conservación de los recursos naturales y el desarrollo rural. Se discute la importancia de la diversidad en el funcionamiento de los agroecosistemas y la necesidad de identificar el tipo de diversidad que se quiere mantener o favorecer con el objetivo de llegar a un equilibrio ecológico y, en consecuencia, proponer las prácticas agrícolas más adecuadas para favorecer la diversidad. Además el artículo muestra que la agricultura ecológica favorece la diversidad de las comunidades arvenses en los cultivos cerealistas mediterráneos y la presencia de especies propias de los sembrados. La agricultura ecológica –principalmente la ausencia de herbicidas- conlleva un aumento de la abundancia de las especies arvenses y cambios en la composición florística al favorecer las especies de hojas anchas y polinizadas por insectos, y las leguminosas. El artículo señala la importancia de estudiar estas interacciones desde un punto de vista ecológico con objeto de valorar su papel en la estructura trófica de los agroecosistemas e identificar potenciales especies perjudiciales o benéficas desde un punto de vista agronómico.

The paper analyses the effect of intensification of agricultural activities on agroecosystems functioning and remarks the need to incorporate the scientific basis and agriculture-management models of agroecology that harmonize farm production, the conservation of natural resources and rural development. The importance of diversity in agroecosystems is discussed and the need to identify the kind of diversity to be maintained and favoured with the aim of striking the ecological balance and thereby proposing the most appropriate agricultural practices to favour diversity. Furthermore, the paper shows that organic farming is an effective tool to enhance weed diversity in Mediterranean dryland cereal fields and promotes weed communities with a high number of characteristic segetal species. Moreover, organic practices –mainly the lack of herbicide treatments- produced an increase in weed cover but also a shift in its floristic composition, which favoured broad-lived, insect-pollinated plants and legumes. It is worth studying precisely these interactions in order to establish their effect on upper-level diversity and to identify potential pest or beneficial species from an agronomic point of view.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Agricultura ecológica y convencional, Diversidad, Diversity, Environmental sciences, Especies arvenses, Agroecología, GE1-350, Weeds, Agroecology, Organic and conventional farming

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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