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Les emprunts linguistiques

Authors: Gaviard Dunand, Marie Dominique;

Les emprunts linguistiques

Abstract

La langue est un outil propre à faciliter les transmissions d´informations avec nos semblables. Mais n´est-elle pas, audelà du purement utilitaire, le miroir d´une identité, l´expression d´une sensibilité, la mémoire collective d´un peuple ? N´est-elle pas une façon de traduire la Réalité et de porter un regard sur l´Autre ? « C´est, écrit Marina Yaguello, un exutoire, une forme d´action, un moyen de s´affirmer comme être social, un lieu de jouissance ou de souffrance » (Alice au pays du langage 1981:19). Parmi tous les vocables qui composent une langue, se glisse un nombre respectable d´emprunts linguistiques, à l´allure « étrange-étrangère ». Parfois, la langue réceptrice les assimile tant et si bien qu´ils finissent par perdre leur port venu d´ailleurs. Nous les utilisons au quotidien et pourtant, bien souvent, nous ignorons leur origine. Ces mots à l´âme voyageuse se sont aventurés - certains d´entre eux, il y a déjà des siècles - au-delà du territoire national. Encore aujourd´hui, il en est qui n´ont de cesse de passer les frontières.Toutefois, de temps à autre, le spleen les tenaille, le mal du pays les tourmente, alors ils s´en retournent chez eux. Une fois rentrés sur le sol natal, on ne les reconnaît même plus car ils ont changé de look , « victimes » d´un remake ou d´un lifting linguistique !!

La lengua es una herramienta que facilita la transmisión de informaciones con nuestros semejantes. Pero, más allá de lo meramente utilitario, ¿no es el espejo de una identidad, la expresión de una sensibilidad, la memoria colectiva de un pueblo? ¿No es una manera de traducir la Realidad y de intimar con el Prójimo. “Es, escribe Marina Yaguello, una válvula de escape, una forma de acción, un medio para afirmarse como ser social, un lugar de goce y de dolor” (Alice au pays du langage 1981:19). Entre todos los vocablos que componen una lengua, se desliza un número respetable de préstamos lingüísticos, con aire extraño y extranjero. A veces la lengua receptora los asimila tan bien que terminan por perder su aspecto distintivo. Los empleamos a diario, y sin embargo desconocemos su origen. Estas palabras con alma viajera se aventuraron – algunas, siglos ha – más allá del territorio nacional.Incluso hoy, las hay que continuamente pasan las fronteras. No obstante, de tiempo en tiempo, el esplín las atenaza, la morriña las atormenta, entonces se vuelven a casa. Al llegar al terruño, ni siquiera se las reconoce porque cambiaron de look, ¡víctimas de un remake o de un lifting lingüístico!

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

HUMANIDADES, Humanities, Humanidades, HUMANITIES, Filología hispánica, Spanish philology

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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