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La representación zoomorfa de las divinidades egipcias

The zoomorphic representation of Egyptian deities
Authors: Fernández Pichel, Abraham Ignacio;

La representación zoomorfa de las divinidades egipcias

Abstract

Entre las múltiples representaciones de la divinidad en la religión egipcia, el aspecto animal es uno de los más habitualmente atestiguados en las fuentes de todos los períodos. De esta documentación se deduce que diversas divinidades pueden adop¬tar simultáneamente diferentes apariencias animales, entre las cuales se establecen rela¬ciones de simple yuxtaposición, sin conexiones aparentes entre las especies implicadas, o de complementariedad. En este último caso, señalamos distintos ejemplos: el Horus letopolitano en su forma de musaraña y de ichneumon, la representación de la divinidad solar como erizo y puerco espín en el templo de Hibis en el oasis de Kharga o del Atum primordial como serpiente y anguila y, finalmente, el dios Banebdjed en sus apariencias de carnero y macho cabrío. Estas asociaciones expresan una unidad de significación que sirve para definir aspectos concretos de la personalidad de la divinidad, caracterizada por su naturaleza múltiple. Las analogías morfológicas y funcionales de las especies integra¬das en estas parejas justifican la elección de las mismas, al tiempo que permiten extraer conclusiones relativas a la organización del universo animal en el pensamiento egipcio.

Among the multiple representations of divinity in Egyptian religion, the animal aspect is one of the most commonly attested in the sources from all periods. It can be deduced from these records that diverse deities could simultaneously adopt different animal appearances, among which occurred relations of simple juxtaposition –without apparent connection between the species involved– or relations of complementarity. In relation to the latter case, we can refer to various examples: for instance, Horus from Leto¬polis in its forms of shrew mouse and ichneumon, the representation of the solar deity as hedgehog or porcupine at the Hibis temple in the Kharga oasis, the primordial god Atum as a snake or an eel, and, finally, the god Banebdjed in his appearances as ram or goat. These associations express a combination of meaning that aims at defining specific aspects of the divine personality, which is ultimately characterized by its manifold nature. The morphological and functional analogies of the species integrated in these animal couples justify their choice and allow conclusions to be drawn regarding the organization of the animal universe in the Egyptian thought.

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Spain
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Keywords

History, Taxonomía, Complementarity, Historia, Animal appearance, Complementariedad, Apariencia animal, Literature, Literatura, Zoología, Philology, Zoology, Taxonomy, Filología

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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