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Con este proyecto, se ha encontrado un modelo válido para la simulación de un fémur humano mediante el uso de programas de elementos finitos. Ha sido probado con diferentes mallados y empleando distintas leyes de comportamiento para los diversos materiales que componen el citado hueso (cortical y trabecular). Los programas necesitados para la realización de todo esto son dos, HYPERMESH y ABAQUS, los cuales, son punteros en el método de los elementos finitos. La obtención del modelo se ha dividido principalmente en tres partes. La primera se basa en el mallado mediante HYPERMESH dividiendo el hueso en dos partes claras: una interna (trabecular) y otra externa (cortical). La segunda consta de aplicar los materiales y las condiciones de contorno en ABAQUS al modelo obtenido en el programa anterior. Por último una vez simulado se compara con las referencias conforme a [1] para validarlo. Una vez obtenido un modelo de mallado válido se procede a generar tres situaciones (CAE) distintas que se pueden dar a lo largo de la vida cotidiana del fémur. Una de ellas es el simple hecho de soportar el peso del cuerpo humano y las otras restantes son dos tipos de caída: la primera se corresponde con una caída lateral y hacía atrás, mientras que la segunda atañe a una caída sobre el trocánter mayor. Todas ellas han sido obtenidas según [1,2]. Para terminar, se comparan diferentes leyes de comportamiento para ver la combinación que más se aproxima a la realidad. Algunas de las leyes que se han probado son Johnson Cook o Drucker-Prager. También se ha probado el uso de materiales compuestos obtenidos directamente de artículos [3,4,5]. In this project, we have found a valid human’s femur model for the simulation using finite element programs. This model has been tested using different meshes and different laws of behavior for different materials that make up this bone (cortical and trabecular). The programs that we have needed for the realization of this entire are two, and both use the method of finite elements. These programs are HYPERMESH and ABAQUS. The model output is divided mainly into three parts. The first is based on meshing, for this part the program used was HYPERMESH, dividing the bone into two distinct parts: an internal (trabecular) and one outer layer (cortical). The second consists in applying materials and boundary conditions in ABAQUS to previous model. Finally when it has simulated we compared with references [1] to validate. After obtaining a valid meshing model proceeds to generate three diverse situations (CAE) that can be given throughout daily life of the femur. One is the weight of the human body, and the other remaining are two types of fall. The first corresponds to a side and backward fall, while the second concerns to a greater trochanter fall. All have been obtained according to [1,2] Eventually different laws of behavior were compared to see which combination is the closest to reality. Some of the laws that have been tested are Johnson Cook and Drucker-Prager. Has also been tested with composites which have been obtained directly from articles by tabular method of [3,4,5]. Ingeniería Mecánica
Ingeniería Mecánica, Comportamiento biomecánico, Fémur, Simulación, Biología y Biomedicina, Método de elementos finitos
Ingeniería Mecánica, Comportamiento biomecánico, Fémur, Simulación, Biología y Biomedicina, Método de elementos finitos
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