Preface: Promoting the Worldwide Use of Medicinal Plants -Timothy R. Tomlinson Acknowledgments MEDICINAL PLANTS, SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS, AND DEVELOPMENT 1. A Case History of Plant-Derived Drug Research: Phyllanthus and Hepatitis B Virus -Baruch S. Blumberg, M.D. 2. An Expanded Program for Medicinal Plants -Olayiwola Akerele, M.D. MEDICINAL PLANTS IN THE SOCIOECONOMIC CONTEXT 3. Exploiting Medicinal Plants: Why Do It the Hard Way? -Nathan Sivin, Ph.D. 4. Safety, Efficacy, and the Use of Medicinal Plants -Norman R. Farnsworth, Ph.D. 5. Economics and Medicinal Plants -Peter P. Principe 6. The Medicinal Plant Marketplace -Robert S. McCaleb CONSERVATION: ISSUES AND FUTURE PROSPECTS 7. Linking Ethnopharmacology and Tropical Forest: Conservation in Belize -Michael J. Balick, Ph.D. 8. Exploitation of Medicinal Plants -Akhtar Husain, Ph.D. 9. Agronomics and Medicinal Plants -Dan Palevitch, Ph.D. 10. The Role of Botanical Gardens and Arboreta in Traditional Medicine: A Personal Reflection and Case Study -William McKinley Klein, Jr., Ph.D. PROMISING PRACTICES IN THE USE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS 11. The Legal Situation of Phytomedicines in Germany -Barbara Steinhoff, Ph.D. 12. Indonesia: The Utilization of Medicinal Plants for Primary Health Care -Djoko Hargono, Ph.D. 13. Ethnopharmacological Surveys in Brazilian Extractive Reserves -Elaine Elisabetsky, Ph.D. 14. Traditional Korean Medicine -Chong-Yul Kim, Ph.D. 15. Utilization and Conservation of Medicinal Plants in China with Special Reference to Atractylodes lancea -He, Shan-An 16. Medicinal Plants in the Philippines -Nelia P. Cortes-Maramba, M.D. 17. Promising Practices in the Use of Medicinal Plants in the United States -Ara H. Dermarderosian, Ph.D. REGULATORY ISSUES 18. Medicinal Plants and Phytomedicines within the European Community -Hubertus Cranz, Ph.D. 19. The Evolving Status of Herbals and Phytomedicines in the United States -Robert G. Pinco, Esq. Appendices A. WHO Guidelines for the Assessment of Herbal Medicines B. A Recommendation for Governments around the World List of Contributors Index