
doi: 10.82308/34418
Elio Vittorini's (1908-1966) image, built by the critics and by this author himself, lacks consistency. The only valid approach to the life and works of this writer lies in his deep and constant desire to be in tune with his times. The exigencies of the everchanging present and his rejection of the past, that for him means inertia, explain all his personal, literary and political choices. This explains his cult of the "new," his idea of truth - as something which is constantly changing- his love for America, his ambiguous attitude toward Sicily, his extraordinary capacity for imitation, his works that are never finished ... Contrary to what is generally thought, Sicily, the island where he was born, symbolizes the inertia of the past. America, on the other hand, is, for him, the only world absolutely contemporary. This is the core of his American myth during the Fascist period. There is no central political motive. The reality of the moment explains his ambiguous political attitude. His so-called dissidence against Fascism- in which lies the main reason for the enthusiastic opinion of the majority of critics about him - in reality, was a longing for a better Fascism. In his relationship with the PCI (Italian Communist Party) Vittorini after the war also followed the necessities of the political moment. But there is another Vittorini: of fantasy and invention, drawn by symbols and myth, enchanted by the past. He cannot always resist this appeal, and so he tries to bridge, in his works, the gap between his two souls, through symbols and mythical characters. But hedoesn't completely succeed: in his literary life there is a deep sense of incompleteness.
L'image que la critique nous donne de Elio Vittorini (1908-1966), basée surtout sur des jugements politiques et sur !'intervention habile de l'auteur lui-même, n'est pas du tout adéquate. La nouvelle clef interprétative proposée pour cet écrivain est son adhésion a l'instant présent, son désir constant d'être contemporain, a l'avanguarde. Sa passion pour le présent est visible dans tous ses choix: la recherche d'un "style-mouvement," la Sicile, le mythe de l'Amérique, sa conception de la littérature -"l'œuvre ouverte"- de la civilisation et de la vérité, le choix des thèmes de ses œuvres, sa capacité d'imitation littéraire. Le ton novateur de ses interventions masque une adhésion totale au moment historique vécu. Même sa dissidence vers le fascisme exprime I' exigence de plusieurs jeunes de l'époque d'un fascisme "pur et dur." La Sicile pour lui est un monde arrière. L'Amérique, par contre, est le seul monde absolument contemporain. Le caractère erratique de ses rappons aver le Parti communiste italien s'explique par la nécessite de saisir les opportunités du moment. Derrière la célébration du présent, il y a en Vittorini une veine poétique qui le pousse vers le symbole, l'enfance, le rêve et le passe. Il cherche à résister à cet appel au nom de la raison et de la nécessite de vivre dans le présent. Dans son œuvre il y a une tentative de souder la fracture entre le présent et le passé, la raison et le sentiments, l'engagement politique et la spontanéité. Cette tentative a lieu à travers certains thèmes et personnages, véritables mythes de conciliation. Mais il s'agit de tentatives vaines: dans son œuvre il reste un sens d'inaccompli.
Picone, Michelangelo (Supervisor)
Note:
Fascism, Elio Vittorini (1908-1966), Vittorini, Elio, 1908-1966
Fascism, Elio Vittorini (1908-1966), Vittorini, Elio, 1908-1966
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