Nowadays, with the development of nature drug, herbal medicine is gaining more attention from scientists in various countries. In China, ancient ethnomedicine based on natural medicinal plants faces new opportunities and challenges. This paper examines Li ethnomedicine, which has not attracted much attention among researchers yet. Four special species, which had important significance for modern research and were very helpful for treating modern diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular disease, were selected for a concrete analysis from the perspective of function, economic value, developmental potential, and industrial base in order to introduce the Li ethnomedicine to the world. The development status and main problems of Li ethnomedicine were summarized and discussed for further study. Key words: Li ethnomedicine, function, economic value.