The teaching profession is one of the oldest in the history of mankind and plays a very important role in society. A teacher’s education and duties varied throughout history. In Poland, the process of shaping the teaching profession began with the establishment of the first parish schools in the 11th century. Since then, both the schools and the teacher were fully subordinate to the Church. The teaching profession developed slowly from the time of obtaining qualifications in parish schools until the present day, when education can be acquired in teacher training colleges or universities.