Since the early 1990s, understanding the evolutions of the countryside has been of central importance to an analysis of transformations in the economic fabric of the Czech Republic. The major political rupture of 1989 and the country’s accession to the European Union in 2004 provoked a wide variety of responses to new market demands (Zrinscka, 1997). The deep social and cultural changes, partially legitimated and accompanied by domestic and European political projects, modified both the uses to which the Czech countryside was put – indeed, it was increasingly affected, to varying degrees depending on the region in question, to residential use, leisure and tourism – and society’s views on rural areas themselves. The new uses of the countryside have, to varying extents, transformed local socio-economic systems by orienting a percentage of rural employment, previously dominated by agriculture, towards tourism. While tourism in the Czech countryside is not a new phenomenon, the socio-economic integration of rural areas by means of tourism is now reflected in a markedly increased capacity to accommodate visitors. This process goes hand in hand with improvements in communication infrastructure and the diversification of the offer of tourist products. It is based, particularly in the commercial sector, on a service economy which, at the same time, it helps to boost.