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Part of book or chapter of book . 2012
Data sources: InTech
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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Part of book or chapter of book
License: CC BY
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https://doi.org/10.5772/33595...
Part of book or chapter of book . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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Biological Control of Parasites

Authors: Khodadad Pirali-Kheirabadi;

Biological Control of Parasites

Abstract

As a rule, all species of animals are regulated by other living organisms (antagonists) which are not under manipulation by man but they are naturally occurring in our surrounding environment. The process called natural biological control when man attempts to use naturally occurring antagonists to lower a pest population which would cause losses to plant or animals. Biological control is an ecological method designed by man for lower a pest or parasite population to keep these populations at a non harmful level. In practice, applied biological control has no direct application to internal animal parasites especially in their parasitic stages which may be indirectly regulated by intermediate, paratenic or transport vectors even free living larval stages. Many organisms such as viruses, bacteria, turbellarians, earthworms, tardigrades, fungi, spiders, ants, insects, rodents, birds, and other living things are found to contribute significantly toward limiting parasite populations such as arthropods, protozoans and helminthes of domesticated animals. Numerous pathogens and predator of parasites (arthropods) have been known for decades, but few biocontrol programs have been developed. Parasites are controlled almost exclusively by chemical acaricides. The development of resistance to acaricides and their harmful to the environment necessitate alternative control strategies such as habitat modification, use of pheromones and hormones, improvement of host resistance and biological control. Research on the potential use of pathogens, parasitoids, or predators for the biological control of animal parasites lags for behind for plant pests. Among the discouraging remarks are statements that natural enemies are not efficient for biological control, because the population of parasites is so large and that there is little potential for biological control (Cole., 1965). Because the fecundities of predators appear to be below the level required to respond to the explosive increase in example tick numbers which follow certain types of weather such statements may explain partly the longtime neglect of this field and similar arguments were also expressed during the first steps of plant pest biocontrol.

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
4
Average
Average
Average
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