The final years of the 20th century were characterised by the emergence of new sociodemographic profiles in which behaviour-related diseases were increasingly prominent. Societies have now recognised the fundamental role that health-related behaviours – e.g., diet, tobacco consumption and physical activity – play in human health and chronic disease risk. Everywhere, modern societies are becoming more and more sedentary, a trend contributing to the rise in rates of chronic and degenerative diseases such as type 2 diabetes, CVD, hypertension, some types of cancer, musculoskeletal diseases and high blood pressure and cholesterol. Moreover, it appears that sedentary lifestyles also cause a decline in psychological well-being, thereby increasing the risk of mental disorders (Nusselder et al. 2008).