The photorefractive effect is one of the phenomena that can form hologram images in a material. Currently, 3D displays are expected to be widely used as next generation displays. However, current 3D displays are basically stereograms. Holographic displays that can realize natural 3D images that can be seen by the naked eye are anticipated. The photorefractive effect is a phenomenon wherein a change in the refractive index is induced by a combined mechanism of photovoltaic and electro-optic effects. A transparent material that exhibits both photovoltaic and electro-optic effects can potentially be used as a photorefractive material. The interference of two laser beams in a photorefractive material establishes a refractive index grating (Figure 1). When two laser beams interfere in an organic photorefractive material, charge generation occurs at the bright positions of the interference fringes. The generated charges diffuse or drift within the material. Since the mobilities of positive and negative charges are different in most organic materials, a charge separated state is formed. The charge with higher mobility diffuses over a longer distance than the charge with lower mobility, so that while the low mobility charge stays in the bright areas, the high mobility charge moves to the dark areas. The bright and dark positions of the interference fringes are thus charged with opposite polarities, and an internal electric field (space charge field) is generated in the area between the bright and dark positions. The refractive index of this area between the bright and dark positions is changed through the electro-optic effect. Thus, a refractive index grating (or hologram) is formed. One material class that exhibits high photorefractivity is glassy photoconductive polymers doped with high concentrations of D-π-A chromophores (in which donor and acceptor groups are attached to a π-conjugate system). In order to obtain photorefractivity in polymer materials, a high electric field of 10–50 V/μm is usually applied to a polymer film. This electric field is necessary to increase the charge generation efficiency. The photorefractive effect has been reported in surface-stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystals (SS-FLCs) doped with a photoconductive compound. Liquid crystals are classified into several groups. The most well known are nematic liquid crystals and smectic liquid crystals (Figure 2). Nematic liquid crystals are used in LC displays. On the other hand, smectic liquid crystals are very viscous and hence are not utilized in any practical applications. Ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) belong to the class of smectic liquid crystals that have a layered structure. The molecular structure of a typical FLC contains a chiral unit, a carbonyl group, a central core, which is a rigid rod-like structure such as biphenyl, phenylpyrimidine, phenylbenzoate, and a flexible alkyl chain (Figure 3).